The Measurement And Obstacle Factors Analysis Of The Sustainable Development Ability Of Villages And Towns And In Jiangjin District,Chongqing Municipality

It is great value for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and enhancing the comprehensive capacity of counties to scientifically evaluate sustainable development ability and accurate the rural development types.As a spatial system with humanity,land resources and unique socio-economic landscape,village and town system is composed of different spatial systems such as central towns,general towns and central villages(communities)within the rural area.It is an important part of the rural regional system.Thus we could accurately allocate resources inside and outside the village and township and resist various complex and unpredictable disturbances thought parsing the process,mode and characteristics of the human-land relationship in villages and towns.In turn,we would achieve the multi-stage goals of rural revitalization and the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.As an important measurement tool to measure the possibility of sustainable development,the sustainable development ability of villages and towns can not only reveal the rural development mechanism driven by urban and rural,but also improve the ability of the system to prevent and resolve sudden crises and major disasters.It is an important scientific proposition that is promote the rural system to orderly move towards higher-order.Jiangjin District,as a national urban-rural integration development pilot area and the first area of urbanization,is one of the rapid development areas in villages and towns of Chongqing in the future.It is urgent for Chongqing’s development with beautiful mountains and clear waters to coordinate the harmonious symbiotic relationship between rural sociometric development and ecological environment protection,and enhance the sustainable development ability of villages and towns in Jiangjin District.Aiming at the promotion of the sustainable development ability of villages and towns and according to the logical approach of "theoretical cognition –mathematical evaluation – spatial pattern and type – differentiation promotion",this study scientifically cognizes sustainable development ability of villages and towns and constructes its evaluation index system and evaluation model.Meanwhile,it takes Jiangjin District as a typical study area,25 villages and towns as the research unit,and2017 as the research time point,assesses the sustainable development ability of villages and towns and its spatial pattern differentiation and types.With the help of obstacle degree model,the obstacle factors of sustainable development ability of villages and towns are diagnosed,and then the differentiation promotion strategies of sustainable development ability of villages and towns are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Sustainable development ability of villages and towns refers to the ability that villages and towns residents coordinate the relationship between resources use,economic development,social justice and ecological protection within the scope of different villages and towns,in order to meet the contemporary and future generations for a better life need.It is constituted by potential,support and resilience,which are all positively correlated with the ability of sustainable development.(2)The evaluation index system of sustainable development ability of villages and towns is constructed,which provides a quantitative method for the sustainable development of villages and towns in Jiangjin District of Chongqing.Based on the scientific cognition of the sustainable development ability of villages and towns,combining with the natural environment,social and economic conditions of villages and towns in Jiangjin District,this research establishes an evaluation index system for the sustainable development ability of villages and towns from the three aspects of potential,support and resilience.And the entropy method is introduced to construct the evaluation model of sustainable development ability of villages and towns,and the potential,support force,resilience and sustainable development ability of villages and towns in Jiangjin District of Chongqing in 2017 are calculated.The results lie a quantitative foundation for the analysis of the spatial pattern differentiations,types and obstacle factors of sustainable development ability of villages and towns.(3)Potential,support,resilience and sustainable development ability of villages and towns in Jiangjin District of Chongqing all showed significant spatial pattern differentiation characteristics in 2017.The potential level of villages and towns in Jiangjin District of Chongqing ranges from 0.065 to 0.236,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the north and low in the south".The support level ranges from 0.017 to 0.244,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the north and low in the south".The resilience level ranges from 0.032 to 0.177,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the south and low in the north".The level of sustainable development ability is 0.188 to 0.451,and the spatial pattern is "high in the southwest and low in the northeast,cluster distribution".At the same time,based on quantitative methods,such as natural breakpoint method and location entropy method,combining with qualitative methods,four sustainable development types of villages and towns are divided into potential enhancement type,urban-rural integration promotion type,the ecological security improvement type and comprehensive development type.(4)Based on obstacle degree model,the study identifies six key obstacle elements of sustainable development ability of villages and towns in Jiangjin District,that is number of college students per 100000 population,per capita village road length,commodity rate of agricultural products,land average agricultural machinery input,pollution control level and forest coverage rate.Accordingly the study accordes to the principle of "ecological priority – classification regulation – fousing the key piont –acting according to circumstances",and designs differentiation strategies to improve the sustainable development of villages and towns.The villages and towns of the development potential enhancement type promote the sustainable development ability by cultivating talents for rural revitalization,improving the transportation system of villages and towns,and transforming the old and new production capacity;the villages and towns of the urban-rural integration promotion type promote the sustainable development ability by strengthening the industry of science and technology support and deepening the construction of rural information;the villages and towns of the ecological security improvement type promote the sustainable development ability by strengthening the protection of resources and environment and speeding up the improvement of villages and towns living environment;the villages and towns of the comprehensive development type promote the sustainable development ability by digging the hidden potential of the economy,speeding up the flow of urban and rural elements and coordinating the development of production-production space.