Research On Late Husserl’s Scientific Criticism Based On The Origin Of Geometry

An important task of Husserl’s scientific critical thinking is to lay a Genetic phenomenological foundation for science,so as to propose his own method to deal with the crisis of European science.Starting from the origin of geometry,the article studies the late Husserl’s scientific critical thought from three aspects.First of all,it is the special status of geometry that determines its important role in Husserl’s critical thinking of science.As a formal science with space intuitive,classical geometry inspired Husserl to think about the theory of regional ontology,and the geometry of manifold theory guided Husserl to discover the affinity between formal logic and mathematics.Therefore,the establishment of a judging morphology on formal ontology has become an important task in Husserl’s scientific critical thinking,which led Husserl to turn to the Genetic research of axiomatic systems.Second,Husserl’s Genetic analysis of geometry aims to explain the original sense of geometry.In "Die Krisis der Europ(?)ischen Wissenschaften und die Transzendentale Ph(?)nomenologie" and a series of related manuscripts,Husserl paid attention to an example of the origin of geometry.Among them,the manuscript "Ursprung der Geometrie" attempts to clarify the feasibility and necessity of introducing geometry into the historical horizon.Starting from language,Husserl found a common feature of geometry and language,that is,they are both achievements of human spirit.Furthermore,he reduces the judgment basis of geometry to Lebens-horizont,so that the sense of geometry can enter the field of Genetics.Third,through the example of the origin of geometry,Husserl demonstrates the two-level crisis brought about by modern science: the crisis of the "Urstiftung" of geometry being forgotten and the crisis of objectivism in mathematicized natural science.For the former,in the historical development of geometry,mathematicians have forgotten the original evidence as the basis of the axiomatic system because they were obsessed with the deduction of the axiomatic system;for the latter,Husserl found that the "geometric" Rationality makes nature unambiguously quantifiable and calculable,natural science is mathematicized,material content related to people is ignored,and the sense of people’s daily life is also forgotten.However,the academic circles have raised two controversies on Husserl’s critical thinking of science: first,how to understand the relationship between Husserl’s subjectivity critical framing and the objectivist ideal that laid the foundation for science,and whether late Husserl’s scientific criticism violates the principle of scientific objectivity? Second,Husserl used the origin of geometry to discuss the historical approach of phenomenology.Does this mean that Husserl himself fell into the shackles of Historizismus and even Psychologism that he criticized earlier? Through sorting out the historical reduction of Husserl’s phenomenology,this paper argues that Husserl attempts to establish a system of subjective objectivity;the historical reduction of phenomenology is not to simply construct a history of experience,but to obtain a Horizont of endless possibilities.All in all,Husserl’s critique of science has always been his critique of naturalism and the "geometric" Rationality,thus proposing an effective path to overcome the crisis of modern science.