A Study On Synchronic Characteristics And Diachronic Evolution Of Time Words "Jinlai" "Jinqi" And "Jinri"

This paper takes "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai" as the research object,and analyzes and compares the similarities and differences of these three words from the two aspects of synchronic and diachronic.The similarities and differences of these three words in semantic expression,syntactic function and pragmatic function(mainly textual function)are analyzed at the synchronic level.The process of lexicalization of these three words is investigated from the diachronic level.The details are as follows:First,this paper examines the use of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai",a group of time nouns with similar meanings,in the synchronic level.By consulting dictionaries and corpora,this paper analyzes the similarities and differences of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai" in practical use from three aspects: semantic expression,syntactic function and pragmatic function.In terms of semantic expression,both "Jinri" and "Jinqi" have two directions of "near past" and "near future",while "Jinlai" only has the direction of "near past".However,the semantic direction of "recent past" expressed by "Jinlai" is broader than that of "Jinri" and "Jinqi",which can express the distant past relative to "Jinri" and "Jinqi".In terms of syntactic function,the three words can be used as attributive and adverbial in the sentence."Jinri" and "Jinqi" can also be combined with "lai" to form the expression of "Jinrilai" and "Jinqilai",and the usage is different.At the pragmatic level,the paper mainly studies the textual functions of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai",such as the establishment of narrative time,and the textual boundary of this group of words is mainly from the forward to the forward.In addition,the four terms of this group of words in the text have progressive,explanatory and transition relations,as well as the different emphasis objects caused by the different positions of their sentences.In the second part,this paper investigates the lexicalization process of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai" from the diachronic perspective,respectively investigates and sorts out the semantic evolution and development process of "jin","ri","qi" and "lai",and investigates the historical development,evolution and usage of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai"."Jinri" has gradually changed from a phrase to a time noun.This paper discusses the process of the initial and specific combination of time nouns and the development and change of syntactic structure and function of "Jinqi",and also investigates the reasons for the expansion of semantic orientation range of "Jinqi".Then it analyzes the emergence and development process of "Jinlai" as attributive and then as adverbial.Finally,the mechanism of lexicalization of this group of words is investigated,and the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization of "Jinri","Jinqi" and "Jinlai" is mainly influenced by the trend of Chinese disophonization,and the joint effect of the mechanism of reanalysis and analogy,the psychology of grouping and the economic principle of language are analyzed.