The Relationship Between Future Time Perspective And Academic Delay Of Gratification Of Left-Behind Junior School Students:The Chain Mediating Role Of Self-Control And Academic Self-Efficacy

In the process of China’s modern social and economic development,the urbanization process is accelerating,and the number of left-behind children caused by population mobility is increasing.The vast majority of left-behind children are in the age stage of receiving compulsory education,and their academic performance at this stage determines whether they can acquire knowledge and choose their future life path.Delayed academic gratification is the ability of students to resist temptation and postpone instant gratification in order to achieve long-term learning goals.After entering junior school,left-behind children become more self-conscious and face more temptations.Therefore,the ability of left-behind junior school students to satisfy their academic delay has become a problem that needs further discussion.Future time perspective is an individual’s cognition,attitude and behavioral tendency towards the future situation,focusing on the future results of the current behavior,which is also the embodiment of delayed gratification ability.Based on the self-regulation cycle model,this paper explores the influence mechanism of future time perception on academic delayed gratification of left-behind junior school students,and whether self-control and academic self-efficacy play a mediating role between them.Based on previous literature review,questionnaire survey was adopted with the Junior School Students’ Future Time Perspective Scale,Junior School Students’ Self-control Ability Scale,Academic Self-efficacy Scale and Junior School Students’ Academic Delayed Gratification Scale as measuring tools.A survey was conducted on 1,605 students from four junior middle schools in Henan province,where left-behind phenomenon is prominent,and data analysis was conducted.The following results were drawn:(1)The levels of future time perspective,self-control,academic self-efficacy and academic delayed gratification of left-behind junior middle school students were significantly lower than those of non-left-behind junior school students;(2)There was a significant positive correlation between future time perspective,self-control,academic self-efficacy and academic delayed gratification;(3)The academic delayed gratification level of rural left-behind junior school students is lower than that of urban left-behind junior school students;The level of academic delayed gratification of junior school students with single stay is higher than that of junior school students with double stay;With the growth of grade or the growth of left-behind time,the level of academic delayed gratification of left-behind junior school students will be lower and lower.(4)Self-control and academic self-efficacy played a chain mediating role in the relationship between future time perspective and academic delayed gratification.