The Relationship Between Social Support And Bystander Behavior Of 9-12 Years Old Children:A Multilevel Moderated Mediating Model

The severe school bullying poses a great threat to the healthy development of children and adolescents.In school bullying,there are not only bullies and victims,but also a group of bystanders.Through the interaction with bullies or victims,bystanders can play an important role in stopping or aggravating the development of bullying incidents.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the antecedent variables and conditions of bystander behavior for the prevention of school bullying.However,researches about school bullying mainly focuses on the relationship between bullies and victims,while the research on bystanders is still rare.Social support is an important factor affecting bystander behavior,but the influence mechanism of social support on bystander behavior is still worth exploring.Class is an important place in school bullying,and it is also an important situation that researchers pay attention to when discussing bystander behavior.However,the research on the influencing factors of bystander behavior mainly focuses on individual factors,and only a few studies pay attention to the environmental factors in schools.Mainly researches focus on the single level of individuals or groups.Few studies can examine these influencing factors and their interaction at both the individual level and the class level.Therefore,this study attempts to explore the influence process of social support on bystander behavior,and put the influence process in class situation to investigate how the influence process of social support on bystander behavior is influenced by class situation such as collective efficiency.In this study,a large-scale cross-sectional design was adopted,with children aged 9-12 as participates,and 1310 primary school students in 61 classes completed social support,moral disengagement,collective efficacy and bystander behavior questionnaires at four time-point.By establishing a multilevel structural equation model,the results show that:(1)social support positively predicts the defender behavior,negatively predicts the reinforcer behavior and outsider behavior;(2)Social support predicts bystander behavior through moral disengagement;(3)Class collective efficacy positively predicts the behavior of defender behavior and negatively predicts the outsiders behavior;(4)Class collective efficacy inhibits the reinforcer behavior and outsider behavior of high moral disengagement,but has no moderating effect on the relationship between moral disengagement and defender behavior.Based on this,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:(1)Establish a good social support system for parents,teachers and friends to effectively promote the positive intervention bystander behavior;(2)Moral education should be carried out to reduce the level of bystander’s moral disengagement;(3)Strengthen class construction,so that teachers and students can jointly stop school bullying.