Research On Laws And Regulations Of Art Education During The Period Of Nanjing National Government(1927-1945)

After the establishment of the National Government of Nanjing,education legislation has been developed,coupled with the influence of western art education and art education thoughts of that period,the construction of art education laws and regulations has also made some progress.The Nanjing Nationalist Government(1927-1945)issued a large number of laws and regulations on art education.In this paper,the art education laws and regulations promulgated by the Nanjing National Government from 1927 to 1945 are taken as the research object,and the literature research method is adopted on the basis of historical materials.This paper probes into the specific institutional provisions of the laws and regulations on art education during the period of Nanjing National Government(1927-1945),explores the overall characteristics of the laws and regulations on art education in that period from the specific provisions of the laws and regulations,and evaluates the laws and regulations on art education in that period combined with the implementation of the laws and regulations.Through research,the art education regulations of this period can be summarized as follows:First,the provisions of art education laws and regulations promote the specialization and standardization of art education.This feature is reflected in the laws and regulations of the art education curriculum system.For example,in the laws and regulations of the art education curriculum system,the curriculum setup,class arrangement and course content are taught according to the students’ aptitude and step by step according to different age groups,respecting the laws of education,and reflecting the specialization and standardization of teaching.In the art education guarantee system,the specific ways to guarantee teachers are stipulated by laws and regulations,which not only achieves the goal of guaranteeing teachers,but also improves the professional level and moral cultivation level of art teachers in the process,and enhances the professionalization of teachers’ teaching.The guarantee of teaching equipment in the school in the equipment guarantee system is conducive to the teaching of art courses and embodies the standardization of art teaching.In the art talent training system,the art education level is improved by improving the school art education,strictly standardizing the admission standards of art students,and conducting professional examinations,which reflects that the regulations are conducive to the professional development of art education.Secondly,art education laws and regulations have the characteristics of The Times,and the promulgation of art education laws and regulations meets the needs of The Times.This feature is reflected in the contents stipulated by laws and regulations.For example,the laws and regulations of the art education curriculum system provide specific art education contents according to wartime needs,and increase the teaching time of art subjects and art teaching related to the war of resistance during the war.The laws and regulations of the art education fund guarantee system are more involved in wartime,and the content of this law and regulations bears a specific task and has the characteristics of The Times.From the perspective of the distribution time of laws and regulations on the training of art talents,they mainly focus on the pre-war period,while there are few regulations on the training of art talents during the war.The promulgation and content of laws and regulations on art education change with the development of The Times,and the promulgation of laws and regulations on art education meets the practical needs.Both the supervision system of art education and the protection system of the rights of the creators of artistic works have laws and regulations on drama education.Through drama education,emotions can be aroused and the forces of Anti-Japanese War can be strengthened.This is also the reason why there are many laws and regulations on drama education in wartime,which are formulated and promulgated in line with the practical needs.Third,the law reflects the importance of social art education.This feature is reflected in the laws and regulations of art education during the period of Nanjing National Government(1927-1945).For example,the laws and regulations of art education during this period provided funding,teachers and equipment guarantees for art education,and the laws and regulations were relatively comprehensive in terms of time and content.The regulation on film education and drama education in the supervision system of art education and the protection system of the rights of the creators of artistic works,these two kinds of education were carried out more as a kind of social education activities in this period,and there were corresponding laws and regulations before and during the war,and the social art education was regulated from various aspects.In general,the implementation of art education regulations is disconnected from the regulations to some extent,which has positive significance but also limitations.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this paper is divided into the following five parts:The first part is an overview of art education laws and regulations before the establishment of Nanjing National Government.Under the promulgation and implementation of the school system in Guimao at the end of the Qing Dynasty,there were already provisions on art education in the charter of each school,art education paid attention to practicality,and the purpose of making laws and regulations on art education was strong.Due to the short existence of the provisional government,the laws and regulations on art education promulgated by it were not fully implemented;The general situation of art education laws and regulations in the period of Beiyang Government has developed to a certain extent compared with before.The school decree issued has provisions on art education,which provides a good foundation for the formulation and promulgation of art education laws and regulations in the period of Nanjing National Government.The second part analyzes the background of art education laws and regulations during the period of Nanjing National Government.During the period of Nanjing National Government,educational legislation had a certain development,the establishment of educational purposes provided guidance for educational legislation,and the development of educational law system provided a basis for the promulgation of laws and regulations on art education.The introduction of Western art and the introduction of art education theory and system has made Chinese art education full of new colors.On this basis,various art education ideas have been put out and affected the content tendency of art education laws and regulations.The outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression has changed the purpose and content of art education laws and regulations,which are different from those before the war.The third part elaborates the subject and form of art education laws and regulations during the period of Nanjing National Government.During this period,the Ministry of Education of the National Government took the lead in making laws and regulations,supplemented by the Graduate School University Committee and the National Education Conference.There are three forms of laws and regulations: one is the provisions on art education in school education laws and regulations,the other is the laws and regulations issued specifically for art education,and the third is the normative documents such as laws and regulations on social art education.The fourth part focuses on the analysis of the specific laws and regulations of art education in the period of Nanjing National Government.This paper expounds the content of art education curriculum system,security system,supervision system,talent training system and creator right protection system.The rules and regulations of art education made the art education laws and regulations of this period play their value.From the perspective of art curriculum,the art curriculum is reasonable,the teaching content is detailed,and the teaching time is arranged according to the nature of students and the actual situation of society.The legal guarantee system of art education provides a guarantee for the smooth progress of art education,among which the guarantee of funds and teachers is more important,and the legal guarantee is concentrated in the period of 1937 to 1945.The art education supervision system had certain development before the war and during the war,and the art education personnel training system and the creator rights protection system also had certain laws and regulations.The fifth part is the implementation and evaluation of art education laws and regulations during the period of Nanjing National Government.The laws and regulations of art education have been carried out to a certain extent,but there is a certain deviation between them and the practice of art education,which is both progressive and limited,and has an enlightening effect on the current legislation of art education in our country.