Marx’s Critical Theory Of Capital Subjectivity And Its Contemporary Significance

Capital has its positive role.Marx also recognized the positive role of capital,the influence of capital on politics,economy,culture,society and ecology is deepening,capital has greatly developed the productive forces,promoted the progress of freedom and equality,accelerated the speed of cultural transmission,provided conditions for social transformation,and infinitely narrowed the gap between time and space.This paper focuses on the negative effects of capital subjectivity,The endless pursuit of surplus value is the nature of capital,which constantly strengthens the desire of capital to occupy the subjective position,and constantly covers up the subjective position of people.Capital criticism is the core of Marx’s social criticism theory.Marx’s capital criticism theory includes the criticism of capital subjectivity.Studying Marx’s capital subjectivity criticism theory will help solve the contradiction between people and capital,make people’s subjectivity manifest,and enable people to scientifically understand and use capital,so that capital can contribute to the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.This paper consists of five parts.On the basis of summarizing the reasons for the formation of capital subjectivity and clarifying the connotation of capital subjectivity,this paper expounds the performance of capital subjectivity from different angles,and then demonstrates the sublation of capital subjectivity,highlighting the contemporary significance of capital subjectivity criticism theory.This paper first introduces the research background and significance,combs the relevant research results at home and abroad,provides a theoretical basis for this paper,and introduces the research ideas and research methods of this paper.Starting from the two aspects of capital development process and production relations,this paper summarizes and defines the conditions for the formation of capital subjectivity and the connotation of capital subjectivity.In the capitalist relations of production,capital dominates all objects including human beings as tools to achieve the purpose of proliferation.The relationship between capital and human beings is reversed.What capital reflects in the process of pursuing and realizing proliferation is similar to the characteristics of human beings as the subject,which is called capital subjectivity.Capital expresses its subjectivity in different forms in different fields,including five fields:economy,politics,culture,society and ecology.In the economic field,capitalist production always aims at pursuing surplus value,and never considers human development.In the political field,political rights are closed and capital logic is initiative and open,which is doomed to cause the situation that political power serves capital expansion in the flow process of capital logic.In the field of culture,culture is endowed with commodity characteristics and becomes a tool for capital proliferation.In the social field,the development of social division of labor leads to the distortion of human development and social relations between people.People have become tools to realize mutual interests,and the relationship between people has gradually become profitable,losing humanistic care.In the ecological field,the concept of capital development is contrary to the concept of ecological development.The unlimited predatory development of capital has overwhelmed the limited natural resources and finally led to the ecological crisis.The subjectivity of capital will eventually disappear due to various irreconcilable reasons inside and outside the capital.The dissolution of capital subjectivity has its inevitable reasons and attribution.The deconstruction of capital subjectivity is the common result of capital self deconstruction and external elimination.Within capitalism,the contradiction between the socialization of production and the private possession of capitalist means of production is an irreconcilable contradiction in the process of capital proliferation.Outside capitalism,proletarian revolutionaries with the guidance of Marxist theory gradually changed from "spontaneous" to "conscious",constantly breaking the bourgeois state machinery and liberating the "new social factors" existing in capitalist society.Capital does not have a dominant position,and it is human who really has a dominant position.We must recognize the ways of capital demagogues and the areas in which it releases false appearances,so as to constantly make things return to the standard and recover the dominant position of people.Marx’s critical theory of capital subjectivity provides theoretical guidance for people to understand and use capital scientifically,solve the contradiction between man and capital,and also provides theoretical basis for the re establishment of man’s subjectivity.