| Education investment is an important cause of rural family poverty.To alleviate the poverty of rural families is to solve the problem of education investment for rural children,that is,to solve the problem of human capital investment for rural children.Women have stronger motivation to invest in the human capital of their children,which makes us think about whether the rise of women’s status can enable women to play a more positive influence in family affairs and in the human capital investment of children,which may have the effect of alleviating poverty.Based on this,this paper first defines the basic concepts of women’s family status,children’s human capital investment and early human capital investment.This paper expounds family decision-making theory,child life cycle theory,human capital theory and other relevant theories,and takes them as the theoretical support for the study of human capital investment in early childhood,and theoretically constructs the intergenerational transfer model of human capital,using the field survey data of Ningxia in 2022.Tobit model was constructed to analyze the effect of female family status on human capital investment in early rural children.At the same time,in order to test the accuracy of the results,this paper conducted a robustness test,respectively using the influence of the improvement of female family status on the investment in compulsory education and the impact of the improvement of female family status on the investment in non-compulsory education,the effect is significant.In order to further prove the significance of the results,this paper also uses instrumental variables to test the mediating effect,taking educational expectation and educational cognition as the mediating variables,and finds that there is a mediating effect.The following four conclusions can be drawn from the comprehensive analysis:(1)The improvement of female family status has a positive and significant impact on early childhood human capital investment.(2)The improvement of female family status has a more significant impact on the investment of families with more children and girls.(3)The improvement of female family status has more significant impact on early childhood human capital investment in junior middle school than primary school.(4)Female family status positively promotes early childhood human capital investment by raising educational expectation and strengthening educational cognition.Finally,according to the conclusion of the empirical research,the author puts forward some suggestions:(1)Improve the status of women in rural areas;(2)Break the investment concept based on gender preference;(3)Pay attention to human capital investment in the early stages of children;(4)Strengthen the expectation and cognition of early childhood education.This paper hopes to alleviate poverty in rural areas and effectively prevent the scale of poverty by studying the impact of the improvement of rural women’s family status on children’s human capital investment. |
