Research On International Law Of Microplastic Pollution Governance In Semi-enclosed Sea

The prevention and governance of marine microplastic pollution is a new part of global ocean governance.The relatively closed marine environment of the semienclosed sea leads to the easy accumulation of pollutants in the area.There are various degrees of microplastic pollution in the semi-enclosed sea area.Microplastic pollution directly threatens the normal conservation of biological resources and the acquisition of marine interests of coastal countries in semi-enclosed seas.The problem of marine microplastic pollution is related to the common marine rights and interests of coastal countries.Traditionally,marine microplastic pollution is generally included in the scope of marine plastic waste management.However,due to the special biological toxic effect of microplastic pollution,its governance needs to rely on the support of marine scientific methods.The current general international legal norms cannot provide coastal countries with operational means of governance,and principled marine governance norms cannot properly solve the problem of microplastic pollution in semi-closed seas in a complex geopolitical environment.The closed or semi-enclosed sea system is a significant manifestation of regional ocean governance.Coastal states need to comply with and fulfill their general obligations of marine environmental protection in good faith,and establish a cooperation mechanism for the governance of semi-enclosed sea microplastic pollution through appropriate organizations.The formulation of a plastic pollution governance treaty that is generally agreed and binding by countries is an ideal solution to the current dilemma of microplastic pollution control.However,it takes a lot of time for the international community to formulate and sovereign countries to ratify and adopt mandatory international treaties.Consolidating regional consensus through the concept of a community with a shared future for the ocean,building a specific governance mechanism for microplastic pollution in semi-enclosed seas,and promoting the updating of global legal systems in regional practice are the realistic solutions to the dilemma of semi-enclosed seas microplastic pollution governance.Specifically,this thesis is divided into four parts except the introduction and conclusion.The first part analyzes the necessity of microplastic pollution governance in semienclosed seas by defining the related concepts of semi-enclosed sea and marine microplastic pollution,and points out that marine microplastic pollution is a new content of current global ocean governance.The unique geographical and humanistic characteristics have led to the problem of microplastic pollution in major semi-enclosed sea areas.The coastal countries have long ignored the particularity of microplastic pollution governance,and marine microplastic pollution has seriously threatened the acquisition of basic marine rights and interests of the coastal countries.In order to avoid the "tragedy of the commons" in the governance of semi-enclosed seas,it is necessary for coastal countries to govern marine microplastic pollution according to the global ocean governance theory,and to make effective institutional arrangements for the special geopolitical environment of semi-enclosed seas to protect the basic marine rights of coastal states.The second part of the research content clarifies the legal basis and predicaments for coastal countries to carry out regional governance cooperation by sorting out international legal documents and regional agreements on the governance of marine microplastic pollution.Coastal countries need to follow basic international legal norms to governance marine microplastic pollution,and determine the division of responsibilities in semi-enclosed sea areas according to specific legal systems.However,existing international legal norms are in dilemma when dealing with marine microplastic pollution.The ambiguous global marine governance norms lack pertinence in regulating microplastic pollution matters,and the regional ocean cooperation mechanism has also been formalized due to vague terms.The third part of the research content analyzes the current practice of marine microplastic pollution governance in major semi-enclosed sea areas,and the regional cooperation is an effective way to solve the problem of semi-enclosed sea microplastic pollution governance.The governance of microplastic pollution in the semi-enclosed sea is a significant manifestation of regional ocean governance.The closed or semienclosed sea system conforms to the value concept of regional governance,and provides a reliable institutional framework for solving the problem of microplastic pollution in a complex geopolitical environment.A good regional cooperation mechanism is the key to solving the problem of microplastic pollution in semi-enclosed seas.Coastal countries build a targeted governance mechanism between semi-enclosed sea areas by signing regional cooperation agreements,and transform global ocean governance norms into specific institutional mechanisms.The fourth part of the research content is the solution and practice of the microplastic pollution governance dilemma in the semi-enclosed sea area.In the absence of a targeted plastic pollution governance treaty in the international community,the general legal principles for marine pollution control can be expanded,and the concept of a community with a shared future for the ocean can be used to build regional cooperation consensus for the governance of marine microplastic pollution,and jointly discuss and build a cooperative mechanism for marine governance in semi-enclosed sea areas.Our country actively participates in marine environmental protection cooperation in adjacent semi-enclosed sea areas,promotes the incorporation of marine environmental protection matters,including marine microplastic pollution,into the regional cooperation framework,and jointly discusses and builds a functional regional marine governance mechanism.In response to the problem of microplastic pollution in the sea areas under our jurisdiction,it is necessary to build a sea-land integrated prevention and control system to strictly control the channels of plastic waste and microplastics entering the sea,and scientifically control the existing marine microplastic pollution through technical means,and jointly ensure the sustainable development of the sea areas under our jurisdiction.