The Research On Legal Protection Of Data Security Of Beidou System

As critical information infrastructure,The Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)can provide various services in multiple fields and scenarios,and its data have important national security interests and huge economic application values.The data of BDS are collected and transmitted by satellite observation,ground reference stations,and analyzed and processed by data centers,resulting in raw data and processed data,which can be distinguished into general data,important data and national core data according to the importance of the data.The general principles of BDS data security protection can be divided into three levels: self-security,autonomous and controllable and macro-security,and the specific technical risks include data leakage,data integrity damage,identity counterfeiting,and data security.The specific technical risks include data leakage,data integrity damage,identity impersonation and authority abuse,and storage risks.In the context of the Data Security Law,the lack of specific laws for data security protection of the BDS,the insufficient protection of original data under the scenario,the ambiguous regulation path of data processing with different precision,and the unclear data security supervisory departments of different scenarios have become urgent issues in the legal protection of data security of the BDS.From the perspective of extraterritorial exploration,the EU treats Galileo system as critical information infrastructure,and its data are subject to the protection rules of important data in network security,and the responsibility of Galileo data security protection is divided within the GNSS Agency,the EU satellite navigation system management agency.The U.S.likewise protects GPS systems as critical infrastructure and has issued cybersecurity guidelines for PNT services to protect the cybersecurity and data security faced by satellite navigation systems in providing Positioning Navigation Timing(PNT).In Russia,the Law on Navigation Activities specifies the data protection of navigation equipment and objects of navigation activities to prevent illegal data destruction activities.In order to establish rules for satellite data protection in China,we can also regulate the development of specialized policies and a BDS data security regulator with clear authority and responsibility.Specifically,the establishment of special regulations for data protection of BDS can improve the data security provisions of the Satellite Navigation Regulations and the implementation rules for data security protection of BDS;the rules for security protection of raw data should be improved by recognizing the status of BDS as critical information infrastructure and clarifying the criteria for identifying important data and national data.For the security protection rules of raw data,they should be improved by recognizing the status of BDS as critical information infrastructure and clarifying the identification standards of important data and national core data;for the processing data of specific scenarios,it is crucial to refine the classification standards of BDS data and clarify the data security protection obligations of related service providers in the BDS industry chain;and the establishment of a comprehensive and balanced BDS data security protection management agency can effectively solve the current legal implementation dilemma such as unclear regulatory subjects.A clear distinction between internal authority and responsibility and the data security protection obligations of relevant service providers in the BDS industry chain will enable the data classification system and data risk assessment report system to play their proper roles and achieve comprehensive protection of BDS data security.