Research On The US "integrated Deterrence" Strategy From The Perspective Of "Indo-Pacific

When the Biden Administration took office in 2021,it proposed the "Integrated Deterrence" strategy as the core of its defense policy.The U.S."integrated deterrence" strategy includes the integration of deterrence domains,the integration of deterrence tools,and the integration of allies and partnerships.The primary purpose of the Integrated Deterrence strategy is to deter the rise and development of China.Strong deterrence capabilities,strong deterrence will and determination,clear deterrence signal transmission and reception are important conditions for the establishment of Integrated Deterrence strategy.The United States has the following motivations for formulating its "Integrated Deterrence" strategy.First,the adjustment of the global power balance has generated a sense of anxiety in the United States.The rise of emerging developing countries,especially China,has led to a decline in the leadership and influence of the United States in international affairs,triggering "anxiety" about its hegemonic position.Second,the transformation of regional strategic posture has prompted the United States to accelerate the adjustment of its security strategy.In recent years,the Asia-Pacific region has witnessed rapid economic development,and China’s economic and trade exchanges with the Asia-Pacific region have deepened.The United States believes that the geopolitical landscape in the Asia Pacific region has undergone changes that are not conducive to the United States.The U.S.is peddling the so-called "Indo-Pacific Strategy" in the region in an attempt to encircle China.Third,there has been a new trend in the domestic political ecology in the United States,with the two parties forming a consensus on containment of China.In the United States,domestic political polarization and bipartisan confrontation have intensified,but the two parties have reached important consensus on conducting strategic competition and confrontation with China and curbing China’s development.The fourth is the influence of the realistic tradition in American foreign policy,especially the tradition of containment and deterrence strategies.In implementing the Integrated Deterrence strategy,the United States conducts the following actions.Integrate military combat forces,establish and focus on developing "joint forces" and integrate allies’ military forces into the U.S.military system;repair relations with NATO,the G7 and other traditional allies systems,and actively develop new allies systems such as the AUKUS;develop cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence,quantum computing and edge computing and apply them to actual deterrence;carry out economic and financial deterrence and use economic and financial sanctions as an important means of deterrence;and highlight values such as "democracy" in deterrence strategies and create “alliance with shared values”The Integrated Deterrence strategy has undermined the international system with the United Nations at its core,the international order based on international law,and the collective security mechanism with the UN Security Council at its core,and has seriously damaged the international system and international order.The U.S.is conducting large-scale military exercises and expanding arms sales in the Asia-Pacific region,which have also seriously undermined regional security and stability.The Integrated Deterrence strategy,which considers China as the First adversary,has seriously undermined the strategic mutual trust between China and the United States and further damaged the relationship between China and the United States.The U.S.Integrated Deterrence strategy inherited and developed the theory and practice of the U.S.deterrence strategy and was applied in the Russia-Ukraine conflict.In terms of influencing adversaries’ decisions and actions,the implementation of the U.S.Integrated Deterrence strategy has not been effective and has not met the U.S.government’s expectations.Domestic political constraints and potential "defection" of allies also make the future of the Integrated deterrence strategy not optimistic.