Implications Of Fertility Incentive Policies In Japan And South Korea For China

With the continuous decline of the fertility rate in my country and the decline in the willingness of young people of childbearing age to bear children,the research on how to improve the fertility rate is particularly prominent,which has given birth to the research on the policy of encouraging fertility.The fertility encouragement policy improves the willingness to bear children through measures such as financial assistance and the improvement of relevant supporting facilities for the childbearing age,thereby promoting the continuous increase of the fertility rate.This paper mainly focuses on the issue of fertility incentive policies,and forms a reference significance for China through the analysis of fertility incentive policies in Japan and South Korea.First of all,this paper selects China,Japan and South Korea as the research objects,expounds the development of China,Japan and South Korea’s fertility encouragement policies,and discusses the actual effects of China,Japan and South Korea’s fertility encouragement policy formulation and the historical background of each policy formulation.The main reason why this paper chooses Japan and South Korea for analysis is that Japan and South Korea have similar population development contexts as my country,and the analysis of Japan and South Korea’s fertility encouragement policies has reference value for my country’s policy formulation.Secondly,this paper uses the qualitative comparative analysis method based on Boolean algebra and set theory method QCA to analyze the fertility incentive policies in Japan and Korea.Select the five aspects of child care and education,financial assistance,childcare leave system,employment,and tax relief as condition variables,and then conduct a univariate necessity analysis and condition combination analysis of these five variables through the QCA method,and make it clear that the five condition variables cannot be used as sufficient or necessary conditions for the occurrence of results alone,and must be achieved through the combination of condition variables: the first is the combination of child care and care,financial assistance,child leave system and employment;The second is a combination of financial aid,a leave system and tax breaks;The third is a combination of childcare and education,employment and tax breaks;Combined with the above 3 conditions,the fertility rate can be improved to a certain extent.Finally,through the analysis of the failure to effectively achieve the goal of the fertility encouragement policy in Japan and South Korea,the reasons are mainly due to the neglect of the objective law of population development,insufficient government support,and mismatch with national needs.On this basis,combined with the differences between the national conditions of China and Japan and South Korea,and according to the results of the QCA analysis method,the enlightenment of Japan and South Korea’s fertility incentive policies to China is drawn,it mainly includes strengthening the publicity of childbirth responsibility to change the concept of fertility,increasing economic assistance for marriage and childbearing to alleviate the pressure on young people,strengthening employment protection policies to protect women’s rights,strengthening childcare services to alleviate childcare pressure,improving the childcare leave system to increase support,and expanding the tax reduction system to enhance enterprise participation.