Study On The Sustainable Livelihoods Of Relocated Farmers And Herdsmen In Shannan City,Tibet

The Tibet Autonomous Region is one of the regions with the highest incidence of poverty in my country.After years of poverty alleviation,the entire region has successfully achieved poverty alleviation by the end of 2019.However,due to the remote location,high altitude,fragile ecological environment and many ecological environments in Tibet Poor pastoral areas and border areas lack resources,and it is necessary to implement ex-situ poverty alleviation and relocation to improve livelihoods.Therefore,this article studies the impact of different relocation patterns on the sustainable livelihoods and viable capacity of farmers and herdsmen after relocation in Shannan City,Tibet,is of great significance.First of all,at the macro level,although Shannan’s economy has increased to a certain extent in recent years,the main poverty-causing factors are still economic lag in farming and pastoral areas,weak infrastructure,fragile ecological environment,poor living environment,and human capital.Not high,low labor literacy,etc.At the same time,poverty-stricken areas have the characteristics of complex causes,a large number of poor people,difficulty in finding jobs,slow income growth of the poor,high poverty alleviation costs,and serious return to poverty.After more than a few years of continuous efforts on the road to poverty alleviation,Shannan City’s poverty alleviation work has made good progress.As of 2019,all poverty-stricken households in the city have all achieved poverty alleviation and decapitation.Then we will make a general analysis of the relocation project.As one of the poverty alleviation measures,its resettlement methods include cross-county resettlement and local resettlement,and its mode can be divided into two types: centralized resettlement and decentralized resettlement.Among them,the centralized resettlement model can be divided into two types: city-level relocation and county-level relocation.Secondly,at the micro level,after farmers and herdsmen participate in relocation,the five indicators of livelihood capital are used to analyze the impact on the sustainable livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen.The study found that in terms of material capital,the housing security and housing security of farmers and herdsmen after the relocation is The environment,village traffic roads,water conservancy facilities,and medical standards have all had a positive impact,and have been greatly improved and improved,but they have not had a significant impact on the number of durable goods in the household;in terms of human capital,participation in agriculture and animal husbandry after the relocation Employment and skills training opportunities for the people have increased,skills have been improved to a certain extent.After the relocation,the expenditure on children’s education has increased,and the health of farmers and herdsmen has also been improved to a certain extent,but the impact is relatively weak;in terms of natural capital,participation in relocation Afterwards,the overall environmental quality of the village has a positive impact and has been greatly improved,but the per capita arable land area and grassland area have a negative impact,and the area is reduced compared to before the relocation;in terms of financial capital,farmers and herdsmen have gained benefits after participating in the relocation.More government subsidies have increased the per capita net income of the family and the diversification of income sources,but has little effect on the difficulty of borrowing;in terms of social capital,the relationship between neighbors,relatives and relations after the relocation has a positive impact and The impact is greater,but personal prestige and trust have a negative impact and the impact is not large.Then,through the comparative analysis of the two typical relocation modes of Shannan City,namely the city-level relocation and the county-level relocation cases,it is concluded that for the present,the county-level relocation has been very successful.People also got rid of poverty smoothly and embarked on the road of getting rich with both hands;although the city-level relocation has a good platform,due to various defects and unreasonable allocation of resources,there are certain problems,so before the relocation It is necessary to accurately identify the situation of farmers and herdsmen’s families,rationally allocate and select a relocation model suitable for the relocation households’ own families,and after relocation,it is necessary to develop industrial drives to enhance the viable capabilities of farmers and herdsmen.Third,the Qionggading community and Gongkang village are regarded as typical cases of municipal and county-level relocation models,respectively.The basic situation of the village,the overview of the relocation project for poverty alleviation,and the enlightenment of the case are studied,and conclusions are drawn.: Relocation needs to choose different relocation modes based on the characteristics of the farmers and herdsmen’s own families,and find a relocation mode that suits their own characteristics in order to truly get rid of poverty and embark on the road to prosperity.It can be concluded that at present,farmers and herdsmen still have low labor literacy and difficulties in obtaining employment during the relocation process in Shannan City;land reclamation is difficult,and the area of ??cultivated land is not allocated properly;social exclusion occurs,and farmers and herdsmen lack happiness and belonging.Sense;lack of follow-up organization and management of relocation,farmers and herdsmen have problems such as dependence psychology.In order to solve these problems,it is necessary to improve the viable capabilities of farmers and herdsmen.In order to achieve better results in relocation and effective connection of rural revitalization,this article puts forward some targeted suggestions for the construction of feasible capacity of farmers and herdsmen.