The Impact Of Poverty Alleviation Resettlement On Rural Household Livelihood Resilience In Southern Shaanxi

To explore the impact of Poverty Alleviation Resettlement(PAR)on rural household livelihood resilience in southern Shaanxi can provide decision-making reference for policy evaluation of PAR and research on the household livelihood resilience.Currently,domestic and foreign researches on livelihood resilience mainly focus on disaster-prone areas,contiguity poverty-stricken areas and arid areas,while the researches on poverty alleviation relocation in inhospitable areas mainly involve livelihood capital,spatial differentiation,social integration,risk expectation and livelihood differentiation.Only a few literatures focus on the combination of poverty alleviation relocation and livelihood resilience in inlivable areas,and most of them are qualitative.There is a lack of researches combining the two and conducting empirical analysis from the micro scale of peasant households.However,quantitative research and field investigation under different backgrounds and scenarios,as well as the selection of dimensions,indicators and weights are not the same,leading to the failure to unify the resilience measurement methods and framework,and should not be unified.Therefore,relevant studies should consider richer and more diverse backgrounds and scenarios.In view of this,this thesis is based on the specific situation of relocation in southern Shaanxi.Based on the field survey data of 459 relocated households in Ankang,Southern Shaanxi,China,and the theoretical framework of resilience and Sustainable Livelihood Approach,this article constructed the evaluation index system of relocated household livelihood resilience from five major capitals,and used entropy method to determine the weight and calculate the relocated household’s livelihood resilience index.The multiple linear regression model was employed to analyze the impact of PAR on households livelihood resilience.The results show that:(1)Both resettlement mode and relocation type had a significant negative impact on relocated households’ livelihood resilience,and the coefficient and magnitude of the impact were slightly different.Centralized resettlement,decentralized resettlement and independent out migration all have a significant negative impact on the livelihood resilience of relocated farmers,and the degree of impact decreases successively,and the livelihood resilience of centralized resettlement is the worst.This indicates that the government subsidy enjoyed by the moving households is low and they may face greater risk impact in the process of livelihood resilience.Poverty alleviation migrants,ecological migrants,disaster reduction migrants and engineering migrants also have significant negative effects on the livelihood resilience of relocated farmers.The coefficient of poverty alleviation migrants is negative,but not as significant as the other three types.(2)There are significant differences in the characteristics of relocated households with different levels of livelihood resilience.Relocation type,return intention and short-term migration have significant negative effects on livelihood resilience,while medium-term migration has no significant effect on livelihood resilience.Relocation within a short period of time has a negative impact on the flexibility of livelihood,which may be due to the insufficient policy support or policy implementation in the short term.(3)The homestead management policies,training loan policies and training policies carried out by the government in the resettlement areas all have obvious positive effects on the livelihood resilience of migrants,All of them are important factors affecting the livelihood resilience of rural households relocated from easy places.Strengthening training intensity and improving training quality,which is conducive to improving the livelihood resilience of farmers.The results of the analysis of other influencing factors are: years of education per capita,labour force share,credit capital,number of public officials,participation in collective affairs,housing structure and social influence are all important factors affecting the livelihood resilience of farm households.Among them,all the characteristics variables,except for the low income households,were correlated with the livelihood resilience of migrants and showed a significant positive correlation.The government should target at the factors affecting the livelihood resilience of relocated households,and the precise policies and supports should be carried out to meet the different needs of relocated households.This article encourages that the government can implement these measures to improve the livelihood resilience and further promote the sustainable livelihoods of relocated households.