Research On Herbert Spencer’s Thoughts On Physical Education

In the 2020 enrollment guidelines of our country’s 36 strong-base planning colleges and universities,sports testing is listed as a required item.On October 13,2020,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Overall Plan for Deepening Educational Evaluation Reform in the New Era".Since then,local physical education reform policies have been introduced throughout the country,and the state,provinces and cities have increased their emphasis on physical education.Herbert Spencer(1820—1903)was a famous British sociologist,philosopher and educator in the 19th century.As the vanguard of British education reform in the middle and late 19th century,his scientific education thoughts,happy education thoughts and"three education" educational thoughts have been widely accepted by countries all over the world since their appearance.Although the wheel of history has been driven for more than a hundred years,in the context of my country’s sports power and national fitness strategy,Spencer’s physical education thoughts still have a positive and important guiding significance and inspiration for our country’s current physical education reform and development.This article mainly adopts literature method,historical context method and historical analysis method.Taking Spencer’s physical education thought as the research object,it systematically sorts out and analyzes the educational ideas of Spencer’s physical education thought with cross-age significance,analyzes the reasons for its formation and development,and expounds its enlightenment on the status quo of our country’s physical education reform.The formation of Spencer’s physical education thought is closely related to his time background and personal growth process.Whether it’s Spencer’s growth experience,especially the "special" way of educating him when he was a child,his father and his uncles,or his special experience in the transitional period of Victorian England in the 19th century have had a great impact to the formation and development of Spencer’s educational thoughts.Spencer not only inherited the thoughts of his predecessors and discussed the issue of the all-round development of morality,intelligence and physical fitness,but also put forward advanced educational ideas.The analysis of the main content of Spencer’s thoughts on physical education is mainly reflected in his thoughts,which fully respect the subjective initiative of the educated in physical education,increase contact with nature and strengthen the study of the laws of physical development.The naturalness of learning,the scientific knowledge of physiological psychology and the scientific nature of the law of scientific life growth,the promotion of the comprehensive development of morality,intelligence,and the integration of family education and school education,a little more joyful exercise every day stimulates curiosity,it has discovered its guiding and innovative ideas that transcend the times.Although Spencer’s physical education thought has historical limitations such as extremeness,utilitarianism,and too single educational evaluation standards,in general,he inherited the excellent ideological essence of his predecessors and sublimated it in accordance with the characteristics of the times at that time.It provides a powerful ideological weapon for the reform of physical education in the world.Spencer’s thought on physical education is also outdated to the current situation of physical education in our country.Through a historical review of Spencer’s physical education thoughts,there are several enlightenments for my country’s physical education reform and development:subjectivity and subjective initiative should be emphasized in the physical education process;full contact with nature and compliance with the law of physical development;change concepts guide the direction;it is necessary to work together in a comprehensive manner;to achieve happy education and healthy body and mind.