Research On The Dilemma And Outlet Of Rural Mutual Support For The Aged From The Perspective Of Social Network

In China,under the background of the increasing rural aging old,and more and more young adults going city to work,the traditional way of family support for the aged is collapsing.Also,The cost of nursing home is too high for the old to live As a low level of investment and can make full use of idle human resources in rural area,the mutual support for the aged began to appear and develop.It get the support of the government and has been put into practice in many places.But,at present,even though it has achieved certain result,It doesn’t play its role in relieving the pressure of rural old.Therefore,it is very important to explore the development obstruction of mutual support for the aged in rural areas and explore the methods and strategies to deal with the current dilemma.As a new research perspective,social network theory is a science of social relations,which is widely used in various research fields.It is the research goal of this paper to embed social network theory into the development process of mutual assistance pension,analyze the problems existing in the current practice of mutual assistance pension from the perspective of social network,and explore the development countermeasures of mutual assistance for the aged.In order to achieve this goal,the author first combs the history of the development and changes of rural mutual support for the old in China,introduces the clan mutual support for the aged before the founding of the people’s Republic of China and the collective mutual support for the aged after the founding of the people’s Republic of China from the four dimensions of social network,in order to get the development experience of rural mutual support for the aged in the past.And can be compared with the current development practice of rural mutual pension,understand the advantages and disadvantages of the current practice.Then,the author and members of the research group went to Zhijiang City,Hubei Province,selected 10 villages by sampling,and investigated the elderly’s preference for the way of providing for the aged,their willingness to participate in rural mutual support services,their preference to accept rural mutual support services,as well as the level of trust among villagers,villagers’enthusiasm to participate in the collective level,and villagers’ equal participation.Based on the survey data of Zhijiang City,starting from the four dimensions of social network,the author analyzes the development dilemma of the current rural mutual pension practice in the dimensions of structure,resources,norms and dynamic development.The conclusions are as follows:in the structural dimension,the current practice of mutual support for the aged in rural areas has the dilemma of traditional ideas affecting mutual support for the aged identity,"strong relationship" restricting the scope of mutual support for the aged service,"half acquaintance society",and low level of trust among villagers.In the resource dimension,the rural mutual support for the aged is faced with many difficulties,such as the imbalance of supply and demand of mutual support for the aged,the large gap of sick care services,the shortage of funds for the development of rural mutual support for the aged,and the single financing channel.Under the normative dimension,the rural mutual support for the aged faces the dilemma of lack of legal system in the field of mutual support for the aged,prevalence of interest values and decline of mutual support values.From the perspective of dynamic development,the rural mutual support for the aged is faced with the plight of the shrinking horizontal participation network of villagers and the weak development of mutual support for the aged.In view of the development dilemma of mutual support in the structural dimension,the author thinks that the government and the village collective should publicize the advantages of mutual support,improve the villagers’ identity,establish a mutual benefit mechanism,and break the restriction of strong relationship on the scope of mutual support service.To cultivate the villagers’ spirit of rural community and improve the trust level of the villagers.In view of the development dilemma of mutual support for the aged under the resource dimension,the government should actively expand the participants of the current rural mutual support for the aged service,promote the combination of mutual support for the aged service institutions and local medical resources,improve the level of volunteer care services,and expand the financing channels for mutual support for the aged,so as to attract enterprises and social organizations to provide mutual support for the aged.In view of the development dilemma under the normative dimension,the author thinks that the government should introduce the relevant laws in the field of rural mutual assistance and pension as soon as possible,strengthen the ideological and moral construction in rural areas,and establish the values of rural mutual assistance.From the perspective of dynamic development,village collectives should strengthen their own construction and improve the villagers’ recognition of the village;they should actively carry out collective activities to build a platform for the interaction among villagers;at the same time,they should actively train village elderly associations,give full play to the role of rural elites,expand the social interaction among villagers,and intensify their horizontal participation network.