The Current Situation And Standard Development Of Online-Teaching Quality In The Asia-Pacific Region Under The Perspective Of Total Quality Management

As online teaching has become the "new normal" of school education and teaching,UNESCO has also repeatedly stressed the fair recognition of the qualifications of students taking part in online learning,the development of cross-border education and the flow of students.will have a new development route.However,online teaching has some "quality" problems that can not be ignored,such as the ICT of teachers and students,students’ online-learning autonomy and so on.In order to ensure equal access to high-quality education for all learners,it is crucial to assurance the quality of this non-traditional teaching model named online teaching.Based on the Asia-Pacific Quality Network(APQN)’s special project "the Development of APQN Standard for online-Teaching Quality Assurance" and guided by Total Quality Management,this study firstly analyze the current situation of online teaching quality of higher education in the Asia-Pacific region by using literature analysis and questionnaire survey,then explore and develop the online-teaching quality standards of Higher Education by using Delphi and factor analysis.In the first part,supported by the results of questionnaires and research reports published by some organizations,this study shows the quality status of online teaching of higher education in Asia-Pacific region.There are some quality matters in teaching support services,teachers’ teaching behaviors and students’ learning behaviors.And there are significant differences in the perception and evaluation of online-teaching quality among different groups.In addition,the whole process and elements of online teaching has a significant impact on the online-teaching quality,which highlights the necessity and feasibility of comprehensively ensuring the online teaching quality.In the second part,following the five core principles of informatization,teaching by learning,development,effectiveness and objectivity,this study analyzes 13 online teaching quality standards and relevant documents from different organizations,and selects the key elements guided by Total Quality Management.Then,this study consulted the opinions of six education quality assurance experts from different countries or regions on the elements of online-teaching quality standards in the Asia-Pacific region,so as to preliminarily develop the Online-teaching Quality Standards in the Asia-Pacific Region.In the third part,this study invites stakeholders in the Asia-Pacific region to evaluate the importance of the the Online-teaching Quality Standards in the Asia-Pacific Region,so as to verifies the rationality and validity of the standard structure and content and develop the final version of the Online-teaching Quality Standards in the Asia-Pacific Region based on the factor analysis results of the importance evaluation results.This Standards carry out the concept of Total Quality Management,are suitable for the actual online teaching practice and embody six characteristics of scientific quality assessment concept,the diversity of quality assessment subjects,comprehensive quality assessment standards,the dynamic process of quality assessment and effective quality assessment results.In general,the research has made some progress with the support of APQN,and the Online-teaching Quality Standards in the Asia-Pacific Region can be a reference for higher education institutions to implement,evaluate and improve the online-teaching quality.However,online teaching is a continuously developing research field with the development of higher education and information technology.In the future,scholars need to carry out more in-depth theoretical research and practical summary,and work together for the improvement of online teaching and the communication and cooperation between regional online teaching.