| China has always attached great importance to the development of education.Continuous investment has improved the overall education level of Chinese labor force and provided talent guarantee for China’s economic development.However,the rapid development of education has also brought some problems,such as "forced to go to higher school","the devaluation of academic qualifications" and so on.Academics believe that educational mismatches cause these problems.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2014,2016 and 2018.This paper studies the impact of social network on educational mismatch using Logit model,and the income effect of educational mismatch based on ORU model,and draws the following conclusions:First,the measurement of educational mismatch.In 2018,the over-education rate in China was about 48.08%,and the under-education rate was about 12.16%,proving that educational mismatch exists in China’s labor market.The details are as follow: The higher the degree,the more likely the overeducation;Undereducation is more likely to occur in central and western regions;Agricultural registered permanent residence is more likely to be undereducated;Individuals with party membership are more likely to be matched in education;With the improvement of health status,the under-education rate gradually increased,while the over-education rate gradually decreased.Secondly,the impact of social network on education mismatch.Based on Logit model,this paper explores the influence of social network on educational mismatch.First,monthly household communication expenditure is used as a proxy variable to explore the impact of social network on educational mismatch.Second,monthly family dinner expenses and annual family expenses of helping relatives and friends were used as proxy variables to verify the conclusion of monthly household communication expenses.Finally,gender heterogeneity and household registration heterogeneity of social network influencing educational mismatch are studied.The baseline results show that the use of social network will increase the probability of undereducation and reduce the probability of overeducation.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that men are more likely to seek jobs higher than their education through social network,and women are more likely to use social network to reduce the possibility of overeducation.Individuals with non-agricultural household registration are more likely to use social network to get jobs higher than their own education,while individuals with agricultural household registration are more likely to use social network to reduce the possibility of their undereducation.Thirdly,the income effect of educational mismatch.First,based on The Mincer equation,the influence of education on workers’ wages is studied.Second,the income effect of education mismatch is studied based on ORU model.The results show that the level of education has a positive impact on the workers’ wage,the overeducation has an income penalty effect,the average income level of over-educated workers is 2.7% lower than that of those with educational match,the under-education has an income dividend effect,the average income level of under-educated workers is 11.1% higher than that of those with educational match.Finally,according to the research conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward: in terms of human capital training,we should increase investment,optimize resource allocation,strengthen quality control and adopt other means to cultivate human capital that can adapt to China’s economic development;In terms of absorbing human capital,we should cultivate the industrial structure that can absorb multi-level human capital by means of technological innovation and the optimization of industrial structure.In terms of labor force matching,a more scientific employment matching mechanism should be established to reduce the cost of cross-regional labor flow and give more support to job seekers in the stage of job hunting. |
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