The Effects Of Overeducation On Earnings In The Chinese Graduate Labour Market

After years of expanding university enrollment in China,China finally officially entered the stage of universalization of higher education in 2019.More college graduates also mean that more jobs are needed.Nowadays,the employment pressure of college students in our country is increasing.At the same time,China's economy is in a critical period of development and transformation,so both sides of the labor market are changing.The imbalance between supply and demand in the labor market has directly caused the problem of college students' employment difficulties.Education mismatches represented by overeducation The problem is getting worse.This article mainly discusses the phenomenon of over-education in Chinese university graduates.After combing the literature on overeducation at home and abroad,this paper uses the Chinese Labor Force Survey(CLDS)data to measure the overeducation of college graduates in China,and then uses this as a basis to use the quantile regression to the income effect of overeducation.A preliminary analysis was performed.On this basis,gender variables were further split,and OLS regression and quantile regression were performed on male workers and female workers,respectively,and a comparative analysis was performed.The main conclusions of this paper are:(1)The distribution of moderate education and over-education of Chinese college graduates in different quantiles has an inverted "U" shape.The income punishment effect of over-education is the highest among low-income people.Increased,the penalty effect is getting weaker and weaker.Among middle-and high-income workers above the 60% quantile,over-education even has a positive effect.That is to say,the income punishment effect of over-education is more concentrated in low-income people with weak personal ability.For high-income workers with strong personal ability,over-education can actually play a positive role.(2)Male workers are hardly affected by over-education.To some extent,it can be considered that the income of male workers is more affected by their personal ability that cannot be reflected in the regression variables.(3)Female workers are extremely sensitive to over-education.The income punishment effect of over-education is mainly reflected in low-income female workers.The female workers' education benefits at different income levels are basically the same.Therefore,female workers are subject to personal abilities.The impact of the education is small,more years of education,and the existence of professional occupational mismatch and the relatively conservative nature of female workers can to some extent explain the progressive punishment effect of overeducation on income among female workers.The phenomenon of getting smaller or even turning into a positive effect.(4)Overeducation is widespread among Chinese university graduates,but the negative effects of overeducation,especially the punishment effect of overeducation on income,mainly appear among female workers,especially the middle and low income groups among female workers.And this phenomenon is likely to stem from the inconsistency of professional occupations widely existing in China's labor market.