Study On The Impact Of Citizenization Of Rural-Urban Migrants On The Willingness To Withdrawal From Contracted Land

Agriculture is always the core of rural development.The input and utilization of land,capital,labor,technology and other factors in agricultural production are related to the interest of rural land system.With a large number of young rural-urban migrants turning to cities and towns,the problem of large age and low cultural level of agricultural labor force in rural areas has become an important factor restricting the development of agricultural economy.Those with large age and low cultural level of agricultural labor force lack the willingness and ability to adopt modern agricultural technology,which hinders the further improvement of agricultural land production efficiency and affects the realization and development of rural revitalization and agricultural modernization.On the one hand,the reform of the existing contracted land system emphasizes the realization of agricultural production efficiency and the modernization of agricultural production.At the same time,it also emphasizes the protection of the land rights of farmers,especially those who enter cities and settle down.Its “multi-objective” and “contradictory” cause the rural-urban migrants to “dare not,do not want to,cannot” return to the land and further hinder the process of rural revitalization.Therefore,it is of great significance to construct a perfect and scientific exit mechanism of contracted land for rural-urban migrants to promote the complete citizenization of rural-urban migrants,agricultural modernization and the realization of rural revitalization strategy.Based on the survey data of 638 rural-urban migrants in Lanxi County of Heilongjiang Province,this paper analyzes the influence of urbanization(citizenization ability,citizenization risk,citizenization willingness)of rural-urban migrants on the willingness to withdraw from the contracted land through the dependence of contracted land(economic and emotional dependence of contracted land)from the perspective of different forms of contracted land property rights.The structural equation model is used to analyze the influence path of the citizenization of rural-urban migrants on the willingness to withdraw from the contracted land through the dependence of contracted land under the overall sample.Moreover,the multi-group structural equation model is further used to analyze the moderating effect of generational differences and regional differences on the impact of citizenization of rural-urban migrants on the withdrawal of contracted land.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Rural-urban migrants prefer to withdraw from management right rather than contract right.The sample data shows that most of the rural-urban migrants are the new generation of rural-urban migrants,and most of them choose to migrate to other places outside the county of hometown.Compared with the proportion of rural-urban migrants having willingness to withdraw from the contracting right,the proportion of agricultural transfer population who are more willing and very willing to withdraw from the management right is higher.(2)Under the overall sample,citizenization of rural-urban migrants has a significant impact on the willingness of contracted land withdrawl.Among them,the citizenization willingness is the most important factor affecting the willingness to withdraw of management right and the contracting right of the rural-urban migrants.In addition,the citizenization ability has a direct negative impact on the willingness to withdraw of contracting right,citizenization willingness has a direct positive impact on the willingness to withdraw of management right.Citizenization ability,citizenization risk and citizenization willingness also indirectly affect the willingness to withdraw of management right and the willingness to withdraw of contracting right,through the economic dependence and emotional dependence of the contracting land.It extently shows that citizenization ability,citizenization risk and citizenization willingness will affect the willingness of rural-urban migrants to withdraw contracted land,through economic dependence and emotional dependence of contracted land.And the effect of emotional dependence of contracted land is relatively more obvious.(3)Generational differences have significant moderating effects on the impact of citizenization of rural-urban migrants on the willingness of withdraw from contracted land.Specifically,the citizenization ability of the old-generation rural-urban migrants has an indirect positive impact on the willingness to withdraw of management right and contracting right.The citizenization ability of the new-generation rural-urban migrants has an indirect negative impact on the willingness to withdraw of management right,has both a direct negative impact and an indirect positive impact on the willingness to withdraw of contracting right.Compared with the old-generation,the citizenization ability of the new-generation rural-urban migrants has a stronger impact on the willingness to withdraw of management right and the contracting right.It is also shown that the citizenization risk of the old-generation rural-urban migrants has a negative moderating effect on the emotional dependence of the contracted land,and the citizenization willingness of the new-generation rural-urban migrants has a negative impact on the emotional dependence of the contracted land.(4)Regional differences have significant moderating obviously effects on the willingness of withdraw from contracted land of the citizenization of rural-urban migrants.The citizenization ability of local rural-urban migrants has indirect positive effect on the willingness of withdraw from management right and contracting right,while the citizenization ability of outside rural-urban migrants has direct negative effect on the willingness of withdraw from contracting right.It also shows that the stronger willingness to outside rural-urban migrants,the stronger willingness to withdraw from management right and the contracting right.Based on the above conclusions,policy recommendations are put forward: First,improve the citizenization ability of rural-urban migrants,comprehensively reduce the citizenization risk in the process of urbanization through multiple channels,and enhance the willingness of citizens in various aspects,in order to establish a long-term mechanism for citizenization of rural-urban migrants.The second is to reduce the economic and emotional dependence of the rural-urban migrants on contracted land in an all-round way.The third is to establish a multi-level and diversified contracted land exit mechanism for the rural-urban migrants by groups and regions,in order to build a differentiated contracted land exit mechanism.