The Influence Of Mindfulness Training On Attention Switching Of College Students Majoring In Physical Education Under Negative Emotion

Attention switching,also known as task switching,is one of the most basic functions of human cognitive activities.People need to deal with multiple tasks simultaneously or continuously in their daily life,which requires the human brain to switch quickly and frequently between different tasks,which is embodied in the control process of individuals switching cognitive resources between different objects when multiple tasks compete for limited cognitive resources.Previous studies have shown that attention switching plays an important role in college students’ behavior,and emotional state also has a great impact on attention switching.College students majoring in physical education are often affected by emotions from personal and environmental factors in sports situations,while negative emotions interfere with their cognitive activities and affect their sports performance.In this study,mindfulness training was used to explore the effect of mindfulness training on attention switching function under negative emotion of physical education college students through event-related potential technology.There are two experiments in this study.50 college students majoring in physical education were selected and randomly divided into a negative emotional stimulation group(experimental group)and a neutral emotional stimulation group(control group),with 25 people in each group.Experiment 1 adopted a mixed experimental design of 2(emotional stimulus type: neutral,negative)× 2(stimulation time: pre-stimulation,post-stimulation)to measure the attention switching of the two groups before and after emotional stimulation and synchronously collect ERP data.Experiment 2adopted a within-subject design,and the experimental group was subjected to eight-week mindfulness training.After the intervention,their attention switching before and after emotional stimulation was measured again.The attention switching is evaluated and tested by More odd shifting task,and the reaction time and accuracy of behavior data are collected and analyzed by E-Prime software;The N2 and P3 components are collected and analyzed by ERP acquisition and analysis system.The results show that:(1)In experiment 1,the differences in the effects of different emotional stimuli on the attention switching are:(1)there was no significant difference in the correct rate and response time between the two groups before emotional stimulation;After emotional stimulation,the accuracy of task in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P=0.008<0.05),and the response time of task in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control group(P=0.014<0.05),indicating that negative emotional stimulation reduced the operation efficiency of attention switching function.(2)In terms of N2 amplitude,after emotional stimulation,the N200 amplitude in the central area in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.033<0.05),indicating that negative emotional stimulation increased the voltage in the central area about 200 ms after the switching task appeared;In terms of P300 amplitude,after emotional stimulation,the P300 amplitude of the parietal region in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P=0.019 <0.05),indicating that negative emotional stimulation reduced the voltage of the parietal region about 300 ms after the switching task appeared.(2)In Experiment 2,the effects of mindfulness training on attention switching under negative emotional stimulation were as follows:(1)After mindfulness training,the level of mindfulness in the experimental group was significantly improved(P=0.001);(2)After training,the correct rate of switching tasks in the experimental group was significantly higher than that before training(P=0.004<0.05),and the reaction time was significantly shorter(P=0.026<0.05),indicating that the efficiency of attention switching was significantly improved after intervention;(3)After training,the N200 amplitude in the central area of the experimental group on the switching task increased significantly compared with that before the intervention(P=0.031<0.05),indicating that the voltage in the central area increased significantly about 200 ms after the task appeared;After the intervention,the P300 amplitude in the parietal region of the experimental group increased significantly compared with that before the intervention(P=0.011<0.05),indicating that the voltage in the top area increased significantly about 300 ms after the switching task appeared.To sum up,negative emotional stimulation can interfere with individual attention switching function;College students majoring in physical education can improve their mindfulness level through mindfulness training;Mindfulness training can reduce the interference of negative emotional stimuli on attention switching function;Mindfulness training is an effective means to help physical education college students reduce negative emotional interference and improve attention switching function.