An Analysis On The Formation Mechanism Of The Phenomenon Of Retaking College Entrance Examination

Since the resumption of the college entrance examination,It has been more than40 years.Despite the vigorous development of China’s higher education,which has realized the step from elitism,popularization to popularization,the number of retaking students is still high and has a further rising trend in the college entrance examination.The "continuous increase" of the retaking students in the college entrance examination urges people to think deeply.Some of the existing studies on the retaking of college entrance examination are conducted from the perspective of psychology by using quantitative research.Some are discussed from the perspective of the policy.There is no doubt that this provides a solid theoretical foundation for this study.However,the existing research not only lacks the qualitative research to explain the phenomenon of retaking in the college entrance examination,but also makes the group of the retaking students in the college entrance examination almost "aphasia".The research uses for reference from Spence’s market signaling theory,which regards the behavior of retaking students in the college entrance examination as an educational effort to obtain a better diploma in the future,while diploma signal plays a screening role in the labor market,and employers are willing to give the job opportunities to people with better diplomas.The research used qualitative research,through the A schools of participant observation,analysis of all previous retaking students’ autobiography and the depth interviews with 11 retaking students in the college entrance examination for data collection,discussed in the higher education entering the universalization stage,why the heat of the phenomenon of the university entrance exam answer read still continues unabated.The research show that :(1)the "signaling decision" of the retaking behavior is composed of the internal drive and the external guidance from the society.Among them,the internal driving forces of the retaking students in the college entrance examination include the psychological tendency of "unwilling to compromise" the existing results of the college entrance examination,the consciousness of "unwilling to be left behind" in the examination competition and the traditional belief of " bring honour to one’s ancestors";The external guidance from the society includes the long-term recognition of individual high quality education diploma in the labor market,and the reality that the "first degree" is increasingly valued;(2)The process of retaking in the college entrance examination needs to pay "signaling cost",including the "time cost" of an extra academic year,the "money cost" of retaking tuition fee,and some unpredictable "spiritual cost".However,retaking students tend to pay too much attention to the "signaling decision" of retaking behavior,and ignore the "signaling cost" in the process of retaking,which is dominated by the unpredictable mental cost.That is to say,retaking students hold a believe that their efforts will get relatively satisfactory returns,which leads to the continuous popularity of retaking in the college entrance examination.(3)In view of the phenomenon of the retaking college entrance examination,it is necessary to analyze it from the two aspects of the retaking students in the college entrance examination and society.It is necessary to retaking the physiological choice and take a comprehensive consideration of their own life development to choose the road of life that really suits them.On the other hand,it is necessary to advocate the society to select human resources based on individual ability rather than the "first degree" requirements,so as to form a social ethos of meritocrity.Otherwise,the negative effect of the phenomenon of the retaking students in the college entrance examination will be magnified.