| Research puerose:With aging becoming more serious in our country,elderly’s living conditions got more and more attention.Falls are an important factor leading to disability,loss of function and even death in the elderly.In order to improve the elderly’s ability to prevent falls,this study selected Tai Chi and walking exercise as intervention methods,based on cognitive-posture dual task performance and resting state fMRI data of the elderly,and attempted to explore whether Tai Chi exercise can effectively improve the elderly’s cognitive-posture dual task ability than walking exercise.Research Methods:A total of 41 elderly women aged between 60 and 70 years old were recruited as subjects in this study by visiting and investigating large and small communities and surrounding squares in Gusu District.Industrial Park.Suzhou City,and conducting questionnaires and health lectures.Then,according to the screening criteria and random grouping,20 subjects in Taijiquan group and 19 subjects in walking group were finally obtained.Among them,the Tai Chi group needed to receive Yang’s Tai Chi exercise intervention for 3 months,and the walking group did the walking exercise for 3 months.In behavioral test,cognitive and posture dual tasks were adopted.in which visual space n-back task was selected for cognitive task,dynamic balance task and static balance task were selected for posture control task,and cognitive task and posture control task were performed simultaneously.The resting state MRI data processing was as follows:based on the regions related to postural control,attention and working memory as regions of interest,the functional connectivity between regions of interest and the whole brain was analyzed.Finally.correlation analysis was conducted between the results of functional connectivity analysis and behavioral analysis.Research Results.1.Behavioral results(1)Results of dual visuospatial working memory task:RT of visual space 1-back task performed simultaneously in Tai Chi group and walking group was significantly shortened compared with that before intervention.In the Tai Chi group,the ACC of the visuospatial 3-back task performed at the same time while the dynamic balance task was significantly increased,while the ACC of the walking group was significantly decreased.RT of visual space 1-back task performed simultaneously in Tai Chi group and walking group was significantly shortened compared with that before intervention.The ACC of the visuospatial 2-back task performed simultaneously by the static balance task in the Tai Chi group and the walking group was significantly improved compared with that before intervention.Both the Tai Chi group and the walking group had significantly improved ACC in the visuospatial 3-back task performed at the same time as the static balance task.(2)Dual-task balancing task results:From the perspective of the standard deviation index in the front and rear direction,the standard deviation in the front and rear direction of the Tai chi group after intervention was significantly better than that before intervention,while the walking group showed an obvious decline after intervention compared with that before intervention.From the perspective of total stability index,pre and post stability index,left and right stability index,the dynamic balance of Tai chi group and walking group decreased,but the reduction range of the walking group was greater.In terms of total standard deviation,front and back standard deviation,left and right standard deviation,the dynamic balance of Tai Chi group was better than that of the walking group.(3)The relationship between the results of cognitive tasks and the results of postural control tasks under different loads:The reaction time difference of visual space 2 and 1-back in Tai Chi group was significantly correlated with the average velocity difference of static balance in front and back direction in both pre-test and post-test.In pre-test,the reaction time difference of visual space 2 and 1-back was significantly positively correlated with the mean velocity difference in the forward and backward direction of static balance in visual space 2 and 1-back.In the post-test,the reaction time difference in visual space 2 and 1-back was significantly negatively correlated with the mean velocity difference in the forward and backward direction of static balance in visual space 2 and 1-back.2.Functional connectivity resultsThe results of the functional connection analysis of the whole brain with the central anterior gyrus as the seed points showed that the functional connection values of the central anterior gyrus and the right thalamus,and the central anterior gyrus and the right hippocampus in the Tai Chi group had significant interaction effects with the results of the walking group,and the results passed the multiple comparison correction(FDR correction).After analyzing the results of interaction effect,it was found that the functional connection between the anterior central gyrus and the right thalamus was enhanced in the Tai Chi group,and the functional connection between the anterior central gyrus and the right hippocampus was also enhanced.while the corresponding functional connection was weakened in the walking group.The results of functional connectivity analysis of the whole brain with the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus as the seed points showed that the functional connectivity values of the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and the right parietal insular cortex in the Tai Chi group had a significant interaction effect with the results of the walking group,and the results passed the multiple comparison correction(FWE correction).Post hoc analysis of the results of interaction showed that functional connections of dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and right parietal insular cortex were enhanced in Tai chi group,while those of walking group were weakened.3.Results of correlation analysisThe behavioral data of Tai Chi group and walking group with significant differences in cognitive-posture dual tasks were extracted,and the difference value obtained by subtracting the data before intervention from the data after intervention was used to conduct correlation analysis with the FC value of the interaction effect between the anterior central gyrus and the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus.The results show that after 3 months Tai chi intervention,tai chi group in visual space task 1-back down the task of dynamic balance of left and right before and after the standard deviation of the difference between measurement and test before and after the FC value of precentral gyrus difference exist significant correlation;In the Tai Chi group,there was a significant correlation between the difference of the total standard deviation of dynamic balance task and the difference of FC value of central anterior loop under the visual space 2-back task.In the Tai Chi group,there was a significant correlation between the pre and post measurement values of the standard deviation of the dynamic balance task and the FC value of the central anterior gyri under the visual space 2-back task.In the Tai Chi group,there was a significant correlation between the anterior-posterior measurement values of the left and right standard deviation of the dynamic balance task and the anterior-posterior measurement values of the FC value of the central anterior-posterior loop under the visual space 2-back task.Researh Conclusions:(1)Compared with walking exercise,Tai Chi exercise can improve the cognitive and postural dual task ability of elderly women more specifically.(2)Compared with walking exercise,Tai Chi exercise can effectively improve the functional connectivity of brain areas related to cognitive-posture dual task in elderly women at rest state,and this improvement is closely related to the improvement of behavioral performance of cognitive-posture dual task. |
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