Sanya Diving Tourism Market Failure Research

With the improvement of people’s living standard,the ways of traveling are gradually diversified.In recent years,coastal tourism has been favored by the public,and diving tourism,as one of the coastal tourism projects,has also received extensive attention from the public.As the leading diving tourist destination in China,Sanya is visited by tens of millions of diving tourists every year.Diving tourism enterprises have mushroomed,including formal and informal diving tourism enterprises,and the competition among them is fierce.With the development of diving tourism in Sanya,the phenomenon of diving tourism market failure has become increasingly prominent.In order to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of diving tourism in Sanya,it is urgent to study the market failure of diving tourism in Sanya,and put forward some solutions to related problems.With the help of the theory of market failure,this paper studies the diving tourism market in Sanya by using literature research,questionnaire survey,field investigation and comparative study.Firstly,the classification and characteristics of the market are studied theoretically.The discovery market can be divided into four categories: completely competitive market,completely monopolized market,monopolized competitive market and oligopoly market.Each type of market has different characteristics in four aspects: the number of manufacturers,product differences,price control and market barriers.Secondly,through the research on the number of manufacturers,product differences,price control and market barriers in Sanya diving tourism market,it is found that there are many manufacturers in Sanya diving tourism enterprises,and the quality,nature and types of products provided by each diving enterprise are also different.Each diving enterprise has a certain influence on the price of each diving product but cannot control the price,so it is easy for enterprises to enter or exit the diving tourism market.Thirdly,according to the market classification standard in economic theory and the specific characteristics of Sanya diving tourism market in four aspects,Sanya diving tourism market is finally defined as a monopoly competition market.Fourthly,the concept,definition,causes,manifestations,harms and solutions of market failure are studied theoretically,especially the manifestations,causes,harms and solutions of monopoly,negative externalities,tragedy of public goods and non-accumulation of information in the monopolistic competition market.Fifthly,from four aspects: monopoly,negative externality,tragedy of public goods and asymmetric information,this paper studies the specific failure,causes and harms of the monopoly competition market of diving tourism in Sanya.The results show that the monopoly problem in the competitive market of diving tourism in Sanya is mainly reflected in the fact that some or limited diving clubs are franchised by the government to operate one or some high-quality diving spots,which leads to the monopoly problem.The monopoly operators of diving tourism harm the interests of diving tourism consumers through monopoly pricing,and because the high-quality diving spots come from government concessions,which may breed corruption problems such as rent-seeking and rent-seeking;The negative problem is mainly reflected in the illegal operation of informal diving tourism enterprises.The reason for this problem is that there is a franchise threshold in all legal diving spots,and most formal and informal diving enterprises are blocked from the threshold,which makes these diving enterprises take risks and engage in all kinds of illegal diving business activities,which leads to various potential safety hazards and may disturb the order of Sanya diving tourism market.The public tragedy is mainly manifested in the illegal and predatory use of some nature reserves,such as Coral Nature Reserve,and the predatory use of some legally licensed diving spots shared by several parties,resulting in the destruction of diving tourism resources and natural environment.The reasons for these problems should be related to the increasingly popular diving tourism market in Sanya.The main manifestation of information asymmetry in the diving tourism market in Sanya is that there is a big difference in the types and quantities of relevant information between the diving tourism trading parties.There are two main reasons for this problem: first,diving enterprises deliberately maintain and strengthen the information superiority of diving tourism market;second,diving tourists lack the real information source channels of diving tourism market.Because of the asymmetric information between the two parties,diving tourism consumers may fall into various consumption traps,resulting in property,time and emotional losses.Finally,in view of the above four aspects of Sanya diving tourism market failure,the following countermeasures are put forward: First,strengthen the supervision of diving spots and diving prices;The second is to strengthen the regulation of "black diving" by combining "dredging and blocking";Third,strengthen the construction of information laws and regulations and establish an official information platform to reduce information asymmetry;Fourthly,strengthen the supervision of diving tourism,innovate the supervision system,and improve the laws and regulations for protecting the marine ecological environment.