A Study On The Effectiveness Of College Students’ Evaluation System

In recent years,with the country’s high emphasis on undergraduate teaching and the quality of talent cultivation in universities,the Evaluation Center of the Ministry of Education has established a undergraduate teaching evaluation system with selfevaluation,institutional evaluation,professional certification and evaluation,international evaluation,and normal monitoring of teaching status as the core.China’s universities have gradually established a corresponding teaching quality assurance system.Among them,the student evaluation system is an important component of the internal teaching quality assurance system in universities and plays a crucial role in ensuring and improving the quality of undergraduate teaching in universities.However,at present,there are many questions about the effectiveness of the student evaluation system in the academic community,such as: Can the results of student evaluation truly and objectively reflect the quality of teachers’ teaching? Can student evaluation of teaching effectively promote the improvement of teachers’ teaching quality? In view of this,a systematic review of the effectiveness of the student evaluation system in universities has become an important theoretical and practical topic,which has important practical significance for all sectors of society to rationally view the student evaluation system and the scientific application of teaching evaluation results in universities.This study takes L University as a case university and constructs an analytical framework for the effectiveness of the student evaluation system based on the institutional effectiveness theory and evaluation effectiveness theory.It systematically studies the effectiveness of the student evaluation system from two aspects: the rationality of the student evaluation system itself and the implementation effect of the student evaluation system.Firstly,with the aid of policy tool theory,the rationality of student evaluation policies is examined through textual quantitative analysis of relevant policies on student evaluation of teaching;Secondly,comprehensively evaluate the rationality of the design of student evaluation index system through reliability and validity testing methods and expert consultation methods;Third,examine the authenticity and reliability of student evaluation results through the correlation analysis of student evaluation data recorded by the Academic Affairs Office;Fourth,investigate the implementation effect of the student evaluation system through questionnaires and in-depth interviews for students,teachers,and teaching management personnel;Fifth,combining the data and information from the effectiveness review,analyze the influencing factors of the effectiveness of the student evaluation system from three dimensions: the system itself,the system stakeholders,and the system environment;Sixth,study the theoretical basis,system design,and practical operation mechanism of the student evaluation system at the Technical University of Munich,Germany,and summarize the characteristics and experience of its student evaluation system;Seventh,based on the practical experience of the student evaluation system at Munich University of Technology and the current effectiveness of the student evaluation system at L University,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to improve the effectiveness of the student evaluation system.The research findings are as follows:(1)The student evaluation policy of L University has certain rationality,manifested in the form of gradually diversified and comprehensive use of policy tools,gradually enriched and improved policy content elements,and the initial formation of the principle of allocating policy tools based on the characteristics of policy content elements;In terms of policy essence,the value orientation of policy has shifted from efficiency priority to quality focus,and the decisionmaking logic has gradually shifted from teaching management to teaching governance.(2)The rationality of the student evaluation index system of L University is good,which is manifested in the good reliability and validity of the student evaluation index system;There is a high correlation between student evaluation indicators and teaching quality;There are various ways to collect data during the design of student evaluation indicators;The participants in the student evaluation index system are diverse.(3)The authenticity and reliability of the student evaluation results of L University are relatively good,which shows that there is a moderate correlation between the student evaluation results at the middle and end of the same semester,and the stability of student evaluation is relatively good;The results of student evaluation of teaching in different semesters are moderately correlated,and the consistency of student evaluation of teaching is good.(4)The student evaluation system of L University can play a certain role in objectively diagnosing teachers’ teaching quality,helping teachers improve teaching practices,cultivating teachers’ awareness of teaching ethics,and creating a good teaching quality assurance culture.However,there are also problems such as inadequate analysis of student evaluation results,untimely feedback,and inadequate guidance and training mechanisms for teaching improvement,which restrict the further improvement of the implementation effect of student evaluation.(5)The effectiveness of the student evaluation system is influenced by three factors: the system itself,the system stakeholders,and the system environment.Specifically,the functional positioning of the student evaluation system itself,which emphasizes management over development,communication issues among students,teachers,and educational administration departments,as well as the university management atmosphere in which the student evaluation system places emphasis on research over teaching,are important factors that currently affect the effectiveness of the student evaluation system at L University.With the Bologna Process putting forward new requirements for the quality assurance of European higher education,and the urgent call of German universities’ "excellence plan" to further promote the improvement of teaching quality,Munich University of Technology has established a new student evaluation system to ensure the quality of education and teaching.The student evaluation system of Munich University of Technology is based on constructivist theory and designs a three-dimensional evaluation system of teachers,students,and media.Based on this,a collaborative participation of multiple stakeholders,a combination of quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods,and an integrated operational mechanism emphasizing "evaluation","application",and "reform" are constructed.Following the concept of "learning center",optimizing the design of student evaluation system,respecting the basic rights and interests of all stakeholders,and creating a cultural atmosphere with teaching character are the experiences and inspirations of Munich University of Technology in ensuring the effectiveness of student evaluation system.Based on the current effectiveness of the student evaluation system at L University and the practical experience of Munich University of Technology,it is recommended to improve the effectiveness of the student evaluation system from the following five aspects:(1)Optimize the top-level design of the student evaluation policy.(2)Establish a realtime feedback teaching evaluation operation mechanism.(3)Improve the recognition of teachers and students on the teaching evaluation system.(4)Improve the compatibility of the teaching evaluation system with the environment.(5)Strengthen the teaching support service system after teaching evaluation.