| Critical thinking is the advanced stage of the development of human thinking,and high-level talents urgently needed in today’s society should have critical thinking ability.However,due to the influence of traditional teaching habits,the cultivation of critical thinking in our teaching concept ignores the integrity of students,the teaching implementation does not pay attention to the students’ thinking dialogue,and the discussion and inquiry process becomes a formality.In recent years,education experts have found that STEM integrated education provides students with ample opportunities to develop their thinking patterns.STEM education is project-oriented,emphasizes the combination of knowledge and ability,and encourages hands-on and "inquiry community" learning to realize the development of students’ ability.This compatible with holding open mentality,multivariate logical problem solving,practice self-reflection critical thinking core idea is the same.In addition,the cross-disciplinarity,real situation and experience of STEM education also just meet the cultivation demands of critical thinking,which provides a new research idea for the development of critical thinking.This study combined with the cultivation of critical thinking process and STEM education model,trying to build the critical thinking training oriented STEM teaching modes,aims to enrich college education of critical thinking research,theory and practice for STEM education theory reference for the applications in the development of critical thinking.This study first combed the current critical thinking related research progress at home and abroad and STEM education research results,the fusion of the discipline,the dialogue way of thinking,learning,to explore the community analyzed the aptness of STEM teaching applied to critical thinking training.Then combining STEM education 5EX design model and the development of critical thinking process,with the help of bloom’s cognitive goal classification theory,analyzed the critical thinking of specific operational process of cognitive development,build the STEM teaching applied in the theoretical framework of critical thinking training.Finally,under the guidance of the theoretical framework and combined with the activity theory,the specific activities of the participants in STEM teaching are designed,and the STEM teaching mode oriented to the cultivation of critical thinking is constructed in four stages(analysis and identification,comprehensive judgment and evaluation,review and inference evaluation,self-monitoring)and five stages(problem situation,inquiry learning,design and production,expansion and innovation,sharing and evaluation).Three rounds of iterative research were carried out on the course of "Intelligent Robot design and production" with the help of design-based research method.Teaching data and feedback from teachers and students were collected by means of classroom observation,learning activity records,student submitted works,work evaluation forms and interviews.Furthermore,the teaching model is constantly improved and optimized.Finally,the California Critical Thinking Test Scale is used to evaluate the learners’ critical thinking tendency and skills,and verify the effectiveness of the teaching model.The results show that the STEM teaching mode focusing on thinking training designed in this paper is feasible and plays a positive role in the development of learners’ critical thinking tendency and ability.Meanwhile,learners have a relatively good learning experience with this teaching mode. |
