Research On The Impact Of Land Expropriation On The Income And Structure Of Landless Peasants

With the continuous advancement of urbanization,the available construction land in China’s cities has been decreasing,and land acquisition has become an important way for cities to obtain new construction land.However,the increase in land expropriation has led to a surge in the number of landless farmers,and the accompanying problems of employment and social security have become more prominent.Since the livelihood of landless peasants is related to the overall situation of social stability and economic development,it is of great practical significance to explore the impact of land expropriation on the income and structure of landless peasants.Based on the 2014,2016 and 2018 China Household Tracking Surveys,this thesis empirically analyzes the impact of land expropriation on the income structure of landless farmers by using the propensity score matching model(PSM)and the mediation model,and verifies the impact mechanism.The conclusions of this thesis are:(1)On the whole,land expropriation has a significant positive impact on the income of landless farmers;From the perspective of income structure,land expropriation has a significant negative impact on the operating income of landless peasants,which has a promoting effect on wage income but the results are not significant,and has a significant promoting effect on property income.(2)Land expropriation significantly increases the income effect of landless peasants in the eastern and central regions,but it is not significant in the western region,that is,the two phenomena of "land requisition to get poor" and "land requisition to get rich" exist.(3)The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that land expropriation will increase the property income of landless farmers through the intermediary variable of housing rent,thereby increasing the income of landless farmers;Land expropriation will lead to a decrease in agricultural productive investment,thereby reducing the operating income of landless farmers,so land expropriation will affect the operating income of landless farmers through agricultural productive investment;Land expropriation will improve the chances of landless peasants to participate in vocational skills training,thereby increasing their wage income,that is,vocational skills training plays an intermediary role between land expropriation and the wage income of landless peasants.Combining the results of theoretical and empirical analysis,the following suggestions are obtained:(1)Improve the expropriation compensation system.Strengthen supervision to ensure that compensation policies for land acquisition are in place;It is necessary to appropriately raise the compensation standards for land expropriation in the western region in light of the level of local economic development,and improve the social security systems such as medical care,old-age care,and subsistence allowances for landless peasants;Employment training should vary from person to person,ensuring that employment training can improve the re-employment competitiveness of farmers who have acquired land.(2)Actively promote the re-employment of farmers.The government should earnestly promote precise assistance work,further improve the "separation of powers" system,and actively promote land circulation due to the influence of geographical location,economic development level and professional skills training,which has made it difficult for some farmers to re-employ;At the same time,improve employment search channels,promote the construction of regional employment platforms,and promote the re-employment of landless farmers to increase their income.