| Against the background of the new curriculum reform in basic education,the importance of subject core competences is self-evident.It is not only the direction of curriculum reform and educational model transformation,but also a comprehensive embodiment of the unique educational value of the subject.The subject core competences of high school chemistry comprehensively reflects the characters and abilities that students can master in their chemistry studies in high school,which are necessary for lifelong development and promoting social progress.Chemistry is a recognized experimental science,and experimental teaching is an important part of chemistry education,playing a crucial role in cultivating students’ subject core competences.Project learning is a learning model that has emerged with the times,emphasizing solving real-world problems through student-centered practices in authentic scenarios and students can achieve the acquisition of core knowledge and development of key skills through the process of problem solving.Project learning is an effective way to integrate and develop subject core competences.From the mode,implementation,and required abilities of chemistry experimental teaching,applying project learning to chemistry experimental teaching has theoretical and practical significance.It means utilizing the project learning to innovate teaching design of chemistry experiments,so that students’ chemistry learning process becomes a process of experimental inquiry aimed at solving real chemical experimental problems,which helps students gradually master the core concepts and principles of chemistry and develop chemical experiment ability in problem solving.And finally realize the integrated development of core competences of the discipline.This study used literature research and interview methods to understand the research status of project learning and chemistry experimental teaching at home and abroad,and found that applying project learning to chemistry experimental teaching can solve the problem of difficulty in implementing subject core competences in chemistry experimental teaching.Based on this,through analyzing the connotation,essence,and features of project learning,chemistry experimental teaching,and subject core competences,this study scientifically explained the development of project learning in students’ chemistry subject core competences and the necessity and feasibility of applying project learning to chemistry experimental teaching,forming the design principles,features,and processes of project learning chemistry experimental teaching under the guidance of subject core competences,in order to enrich the theoretical framework of chemistry experimental teaching and innovate the design methods of chemistry experimental teaching.The specific research content is as follows:Firstly,the meaning of project learning and the core competences of chemistry is analyzed from a theoretical perspective,and it is clear that project learning is composed of four core elements:content,situation,activity and product.At the same time,the basic elements and internal structure of the core competences of chemistry are clarified,and the core competences of chemistry is divided from four dimensions: chemical concept and thought,thinking method,inquiry and practice,and spirit and attitude.And it is pointed out that "scientific inquiry and innovation awareness" is at the core of the core competences system of chemistry.It is further concluded that the important value of project learning to the core competences of chemistry discipline is reflected in the focus on the development of "scientific inquiry and innovation awareness" and "scientific attitude and social responsibility" competence,and points to the integrated development of the five major literacy.Secondly,combined with the standard requirements of chemistry courses in ordinary high schools,the content of teaching materials,the professional background of teachers and other aspects,the current situation and characteristics of chemical experiment teaching are analyzed,and the necessity of applying project learning to chemical experiment teaching is to deepen the understanding of the nature of chemical experiment teaching and scientific practice,expand the understanding of the authenticity characteristics of chemical experiment teaching,and practice the concept of integration of knowledge and action in chemical experiment teaching.The possibility lies in the characteristics of chemistry experimental teaching and the suitability of project learning as well as reflected in the general chemistry high school curriculum standards,the support of teaching materials at the material level,and the support of teacher quality at the spiritual level.Then,according to the elements and characteristics of project learning in the previous article,combined with the mode of chemistry experiment teaching and the requirements of chemistry experiment teaching for students’ ability and literacy development,the design principle of project-based learning based on core competences was summarized.Firstly,it is proposed that the design of project-based chemistry experiment teaching under the guidance of core competences should follow the principles of authenticity,integration of knowledge and action,student-centered and cooperation.Secondly,to summarize its design characteristics,the teaching design should be based on the real situation,through the setting of driving problems pointing to higher-order thinking to allow students to perform open project tasks,in the process to achieve students’ continuous practice,and adopt a "literacy-based" evaluation system,in order to achieve the overall reconstruction of students’ core knowledge.Finally,according to the above design principles and characteristics,the process of project-based chemical experiment teaching design under literacy orientation is proposed,including the determination of teaching objectives,the selection of teaching content,the design of teaching operation process and the construction of teaching evaluation system.Finally,the excellent cases are analyzed based on the design principles proposed above,which are all from the literature published in CNKI core journals.Without affecting the structure of the case itself,the key factors in the case are extracted for analysis,the correlation between the teaching content of the case and the course standard and teaching materials is analyzed.The framework of the teaching case is sorted out,and the content,situation,activities and results of the case are summarized from the four elements of project learning,and the evaluation subject and evaluation method of the case are analyzed.Finally,the development of project learning in chemistry experiment teaching and the advantages and disadvantages of teaching design are obtained,in order to provide a certain practical reference for the application of project learning in chemistry experiment teaching under the guidance of core competences. |
