The Effect Of Regular Physical Activity On Perceived Fairness In Children Aged Seven To Nine

As one of the important means of education,the spirit of fair competition and the awareness of rules contained in sports have an important impact on the formation of individual sense of fairness.Fairness is the basic code of conduct in society and an indispensable part of the process of promoting social development.The sense of fairness will guide people to behave fairly.Nevertheless,childhood is exactly the key period to shape the sense of fairness.Theoretical researches are more than empirical researches in current researches,which are about the impact of physical exercise on the sense of fairness.This research uses the classic ultimatum game experimental method in economics.It compares two kinds of children,who are 7～9 years old and have different frequency of participating in physical exercise,one participated in physical exercise frequently,but the other not.This comparison is based on 9distribution schemes in the benefit and loss two scenarios(benefit scenarios: 9/1,8/2,7/3,6/4,5/5,4/6,3/7,2/8,1/9,loss scenario:-9/-1,-8/-2,-7/-3,-6/-4,-5/-5,-4/-6,-3/-7,-2/-8,-1/-9).This research deeply explores the impact of regular participation in physical exercise on the sense of fairness of 7～9-year-old children,and clarifies the relationship between regular participation in physical exercise and 7～9-year-old children’s sense of fairness,which provides theoretical basis and practical reference for continuing to explore the impact of physical exercise on individual values in the future.The influence of children’s regular participation in physical exercise on the fairness sense of 7～9-year-old children is explored in this thesis by studying the fair behavior of 7～9-year-old children in ultimatum game.Following conclusions are obtained through experiments and data analysis.(1)The sense of fairness of 7～9-year-old children will be influenced by different distribution schemes.By comparing conditions of two groups of children,it can be found that the average acceptance rate of the program in the loss scenario was lower than that in the benefit scenario,indicating that the children’s sense of fairness was stronger in the loss scenario.Among the 9 distribution schemes set up in the loss and the benefit scenarios,8 distribution schemes showed that the average acceptance rate of the experimental group(who regularly participated in physical exercise)in the loss scenario was lower than that in the benefit scenario.By contrast,in 5 of the 9distribution schemes,the control group(who did not regularly participate in physical exercise)has a lower average acceptance rate in the loss scenario than in the benefit scenario.In both scenarios,the lower the average acceptance rate,The stronger the child’s sense of fairness.(2)The fair behavior of children aged 7～9 can be affected by the factors of agender.In the loss scenario,there was a significant difference in acceptance between boys and girls on the-5/-5 distribution(P <0.05).Besides,there was no significant difference in behavior of fairness between children of different ages and grades in both benefit and loss scenarios(P>0.05).(3)In the benefit and loss scenario,children aged 7～9 who regularly participate in physical exercise have a lower acceptance rate of unfair distribution schemes and a stronger sense of fairness.The difference of children’s acceptance rate of different distribution schemes in the benefit and loss scenarios was analyzed respectively.The results showed that the average acceptance rate of 6 of the distribution schemes in the experimental group(who regularly participated in physical exercise)was significantly lower than that of the control group(who did not regularly participate in physical exercise)(p<0.05),indicating that children in the regular physical exercise group had a stronger sense of fairness.(4)The sense of fairness of 7～9-year-old children will be affected by exercise intensity,exercise duration,exercise frequency,and exercise items.In the benefit scenario,through statistical and correlation analysis of the results of the exercise rating scale(Liang Deqing etc.),the results show that there is an inverse correlation between the exercise volume score and the average acceptance rate of 5 distribution schemes.In addition,there was an inverse correlation between physical exercise intensity and the average acceptance rate of 6 distribution schemes,physical exercise duration and the average acceptance rate of 3 distribution schemes,physical exercise frequency and the average acceptance rate of 6 distribution schemes,and physical exercise items and the average acceptance rate of 5 distribution schemes.In the loss scenario,the results of statistical and correlation analysis showed that the exercise score was negatively correlated with the acceptance rate of 5 distribution schemes.Beyond that,there was an inverse correlation between the intensity of physical exercise and the average acceptance rate of 5 distribution schemes,physical exercise duration and 3 distribution schemes,physical exercise frequency and 5 distribution schemes,and physical exercise items and 2 distribution schemes.(5)The fair behavior of children aged 7～9 in the benefit and loss scenarios can be predicted by conditions of physical exercise(scale measurement).Regression analysis was carried out on the physical exercise score and the average acceptance rate of the program in the benefit and loss scenarios respectively.The result showed that the physical exercise score could mutually predict the average acceptance rate of5 distribution schemes,indicating that children with higher physical exercise scores showed a stronger sense of fairness in unfair distribution schemes.