A Study Of Fatherhood Involvement In Urban New Generation Families

With the social transformation and the development of The Times,the gender division of labor mode of "male master outside and female master inside" has been gradually broken,family structure and social roles have changed,and the public has more requirements on males,expecting fathers to participate more in family education and management.The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Family Education specifically emphasizes the participation of family members and the role of both parents,with fathers playing an increasingly important role in the family.The fatherhood issue is not only related to the old ethics of traditional society,but also involved in the new culture of modern family.It is an important issue worthy of in-depth exploration and careful investigation.It is of great significance for fathers to realize their self-value,build a close and harmonious family and build a modern society.Based on the perspective of "structure-action",this paper adopts the method of questionnaire survey and case interview to understand the current situation of the participation of the new generation of urban stay-at-home fathers in Baoding City,Hebei Province.It can be seen from the survey that the participation of the new generation of urban family fatherhood in the level of input behavior presents a variety of participation content,more emphasis on providing economic support and moral guidance,emotional input is slightly less,the participation process is fragmented,the time investment is still insufficient,the participation degree is different,the depth of participation is less and the quality is limited.At the level of accessibility,parent-child interaction is "close but not trust logic",the father’s right to speak is reduced,the participation space and ways are limited,the fatherhood experience is marginalized,and the fatherhood anxiety and absence coexist.In terms of roles and responsibilities,there are identity differences between fathers and mothers,unclear attribution of fathers’ responsibilities and ambiguous roles,and difficult realization of fathers’ willingness to participate.The analysis shows that fatherhood involvement is not only a simple family event or individual choice,but also closely related to the change and development of social structure.From the micro level,fatherhood participation is the parental action chosen by the individual father,which is related to the father’s action preference and the intersubjective interaction process,and is closely related to masculinity,role orientation,knowledge and skills,individual consciousness,peers,parents,grandparents,family and work.On the macro level,fatherhood participation is a two-way construction of "structure-action".On the one hand,structure constrains and promotes action.Family-friendly policies and welfare system as rules,traditional parenting norms and gender division of labor,public parenting resources and family resources as resources restrict father’s action.Work structure,internal family structure,power relationship and ownership of parenting responsibility also promote father’s action,which is not only a helpless but also the best choice.On the other hand,actions reshape the structure,and father’s actions have an impact on the social structure,leading to the strengthening of the labor system and career preference,promoting the internalization of education market and the high consumption of child care,and so on,making father move forward with heavy burdens.Therefore,in order to enable fathers to work lightly and build an intimate and harmonious family,it is necessary to analyze fatherhood and reshape "new fatherhood" under the background of the modernization of family structure and family values,the refined transformation of parenting concept and parenting model,including strengthening social support and promoting the privatization of parenting responsibility.Expand the new dimension of fatherhood participation and realize reasonable division of labor;Focus on family interaction and promote fathers to realize "emotional self";Attach importance to the role of local special cultural context.