Marriage Form And Family Structure Of One-child Family In Rural Area Of Southern Jiangsu

The transformation of Chinese marriage and family has always been a hotspot in the academic world,which is of ample tradition while being varied with different social backgrounds.Rural marriage and family have also changed along with the violent changes in economy,politics,society and culture in rural areas,and transformation of population and family structure,many new marriage and family phenomena have emerged.The “New United family” type of marriage with its own locality,contemporary and heavy regional traits provides us with new growth points.It is especially necessary to sum up its experience,observe its pattern of presentation and analyze its mechanism under the comprehensive framework of today's society in a careful and in-depth manner.The author selects the typical Suzhou B village and D community as the research fields in this research,and uses qualitative research method for non-participating observation and unstructured interview in this research.Through a thorough description of 19“New United family” in southern Jiangsu rural area,I find that is essentially a marriage and family paradigm revolution in the one-child era and the transformation of the relationship between marriage and family structures.In the short-term,intense industrialization,urban-rural integration and modernization locally,that is to say,the economic and social changes under the joint action of government and market have promoted the development of productivity and the transformation of production methods,radiated the transformation of production relations and calling for a new form of marriage to match it,shaped the rise of the “New United family”.It is a newly emerged marriage and family relationship that adapts to the productivity and production methods of rural households in southern Jiangu province.This form of marriage can simultaneously satisfy multiple needs and optimal efficiency of economic and political(i.e.,reduce the cost of marriage,maintenance and rise of class status,realization of family urbanization,resource convergence and intergenerational support of two families,internal transfer and inheritance of property),social and cultural(i.e.,public opinion evaluation,carry on the family line,family continuity,carry out funerary duties),emotional and psychological(i.e.,maintain family integrity,family dependence,the value of life and realistic meaning),that is the best choice instead of compromise and compromise for local people in the transition period.And compared with traditional marriage and adulterate marriage,it has reshaped a new rural marriage family map of resource accumulation and distribution,distribution of powers and responsibilities,political structure,value ethics in operation practice.The specific performance is: strong accumulation of family resources under industrial economy,internal transfer and two-way game assignment of family wealth,tight,two-way,balanced power and responsibility pattern for intergenerational relationship of intergenerational independence,intimacy and alienation vertically,equal participation and balances of two native families horizontally,a political picture of continuous game and competition between two native families,The rise of "New familism" that is around the core of the "home",habits of grace goes downhill,dependence,support,containment,and mutual assistance between generations,in a more closely integrated situation to achieve the goal of family urbanization and respond to the various pressures and risks of modernization,combines individual values with family values,individualism and familism.I find that industrialization and urbanization are not the only driving forces for the change of marriage family in rural areas of southern Jiangsu and the rise of "New United family" after deeply theoretical dialogue and reflect,Together with non-economic factors such as policies,culture,and values,they promote the transformation of rural marriage and family towards a more joint,tighter,collective "New United family ",includes the couple's axis and the parent-child axis are equal,—equal relationship between husband and wife,dual development of kinship.It has not moved to the core,independence,and dispersion of the western modern discourse system,but the phenomenon of reverse modernization.At the same time,there is more intrinsically compatibility and symbiosis between the modern and the traditional.Tradition has become the norm of modernity in consciousness,behavior and available resources,working together in a parallel way to the new joint family.Thus,it confirms the conclusions of the western classic family type of "expansion-trunk-core-single" is divided into zombie categories,which loses its explanatory power to diverse and mobile Chinese families,not only denied the single-line evolution path of the western family modernization theory that structure kernelization,functional emotionalization,parent-child axis steering couple axis,individuals have greater autonomy within the home,core family and family networks remain relatively independent,as well as the unary mode of simple opposition between "tradition" and "modern",fundamentally inciting its mythological status,but also completely denied the conclusions of the urban and rural social development cascade model,urban-rural integration model,continuous spectrum theory,what Chinese scholars think that as long as the conditions are met,the backward areas will be affected by the development model of advanced regions,the ultimate direction of social change in rural China is industrialization and social modernization,thus deducting and constructing the unique modernization mechanism and logic of Chinese rural marriage families.Looking at the time and space of the "third party",I think that "New United family"is the crystallization of the "right place,right time” in southern Jiangsu rural areas.It is a specialty of the one-child era in time,very likely to become a "historical heritage"with the demise of the one-child policy,the liberalization of the birth policy,the changes in population and family structure,and the modernization of values,to make it a distinct era and stage.In terms of space,it is a production relationship that matches the typical industrialization,urban-rural integration,productivity,and production methods in southern Jiangsu,seamlessly interface with comprehensive changes in economic,political,social,cultural,values,and short-term rapid historical change of agricultural economy to industrial economy,rural to urban,farmers to citizens,it's the unique product and changing order in the transition period of that area.At the same time,it also deducts the mechanism and logic of intelligent and strategic response,that is Chinese native rural families in a class by oneself and different from the West,in a more united,close,and integrated situation between generations and in-laws,integrate maximized family resources especially the resources of parent to achieve family urbanization and social class mobility in the context of the ever-changing,mobile China and the one-child era.It provides new ideas and references for marriage and family in other regions of China,and has certain regional and universal characteristics.It is undeniable that "New United family" is still in the process of change and development,and far from evolving into a perfect marriage model.And meanwhile,new marriage forms bring new dynamic evolution problems such as fight for surname,the game or division of child care,education investment and property inheritance,the risk of young couples' emotions and marital stability,increased pension pressure.Individuals and society should respond in advance,and take according measures to avoid possible chaos as early as possible.