Experimental Study On The Effect Of Ciliary Muscle Training Optotype Presentation Time On Pupils’ Visual Acuity In Physical Education Teaching

Objective: In recent years,the visual health of primary school students has become the focus of social attention.The study found that sports activities supplemented with visual mark recognition task can promote the visual health of primary school students,while the research on the effect of visual mark presentation time on primary school students’ visual acuity has not been reported.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to observe the effects of ciliary muscle training with different visual markers on Pupils’ kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision,axial length and accommodative facility,so as to provide empirical support for Promoting Pupils’ visual health.Methods:(1)Documentation method.(2)Mathematical statistics.(3)Experimental method: students from four natural classes in Grade 5 of an experimental primary school in Suzhou were randomly selected as experimental objects and divided into one second group(visual mark presented for one second),three second group(visual mark presented for three seconds),five second group(visual mark presented for five seconds)and control group for one year(two semesters).The students in each experimental group received ciliary muscle training intervention of corresponding visual mark presentation time value in the basic part of physical education three times a week,and the students in the control group received three regular physical education classes per week(no ciliary muscle training intervention).Before,during and after the experiment,the kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and axial length were tested respectively,and the accommodative facility was tested during and after the experiment.Results:(1)The kinetic visual acuity and uncorrected distance vision of each experimental group were significantly improved(P < 0.05).There was a significant difference between the one second group and the three second group(P < 0.05),while the control group decreased significantly(P < 0.05);The axial length of each experimental group and control group increased significantly(P < 0.05);The accommodative facility of each experimental group was significantly improved(P <0.05).(2)The kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of students with emmetropia and poor vision in one second group and three second group were significantly improved(P < 0.05),and the axial length was significantly increased(P < 0.05);The kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of students with severe visual impairment in the five second group were significantly improved(P < 0.05),there was no significant difference in kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of students with mild and moderate visual impairment and emmetropia(P > 0.05),and the axial length of students with emmetropia and poor vision was significantly increased(P< 0.05).(3)kinetic visual acuity was moderately positively correlated with uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility,axial length was negatively correlated with kinetic visual acuity and accommodative facility,uncorrected distance vision was moderately negatively correlated with axial length,and uncorrected distance vision was moderately positively correlated with accommodative facility.There is a moderate positive correlation between kinetic visual acuity and uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility,a low negative correlation between axial length and kinetic visual acuity and accommodative facility,a moderate negative correlation between uncorrected distance vision and axial length,and a moderate positive correlation between uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility.(4)During the post test,the kinetic visual acuity of each experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05);The uncorrected distance vision of one second group and three second group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05),and there was no significant difference between the five second group and the control group(P > 0.05);There was no significant difference in the axial length between the experimental group and the control group(P > 0.05).The changes of axial length in one second group and three second group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05);The regulatory sensitivity of one second group and three second group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05),and the accommodative facility of five second group was not significantly different from that of the control group(P > 0.05).Conclusion:(1)In physical education,the ciliary muscle training with visual targets of one,three and five seconds had positive effects on kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of fifth grade students.(2)One second and three second ciliary muscle training can improve the kinetic visual acuity,accommodative facility and uncorrected distance vision of students with emmetropia and poor vision;Five second ciliary muscle training can improve the kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of students with severe visual impairment,but it has no obvious effect on the kinetic visual acuity,uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility of students with mild and moderate visual impairment and emmetropia.(3)One second and three second ciliary muscle training can delay the growth rate of axial length,and the effect on uncorrected distance vision and accommodative facility is better than five second ciliary muscle training.(4)Flipper detection method has the characteristics of economy and practicability.The prevention and control of myopia in schools can be included in the accommodative facility index test,which can normalize the adjustment ability of students’ ciliary muscle,and carry out targeted ciliary muscle training,which may increase the benefits of myopia prevention and control.