Research On Equal Educational Opportunities In Urban And Rural Areas Of Compulsory Education In Nanning Q District,under The Background Of "Double Reduction" Policy

Currently,there is an excessive learning burden for primary and secondary school students.This problem has a long history and complex causes.In July 2021,the CPC Central Committee along with the General Office of the State Council issued a report on Further Reduction of Homework and Off-campus Training programs.This report referred to as the "Double Reduction" policy.The government has implemented administrative measures to realign educational process and capitalization of private off-campus education operations.The efforts are to reduce students’ academic burden and strengthen traditional roles of schools.The logical focus of the policy is not only to reduce the heavy school work,but also to promote fair and high-quality development of compulsory education.This paper is based on such background study of equality of educational opportunities of urban and rural students in which compulsory educational stage Q District,Nanning City.A theoretical analytic framework was created based on Husen’s theory of educational opportunities,used in this analysis were interviews and questionnaires from urban,rural educators and parents,relevant 299 questionnaires data from parents were received.The study concluded fundamental causes of the inequality are primarily policy bias,followed by different schools’ educational concepts and family resources in the urban-rural dual system.The educational disparity between urban and rural system is primarily manifested in the unequal levels of funding,facilities,educators and evaluation mechanisms.Q District has minimal high-quality resources,most of which are found in urban elite district-schools.After-school services are still in the preliminary stages of development and implementation.Rural after-school services are hindered by a lack of resources,rural families are additionally hampered by economic and cultural limitations much more so than their urban counterparts,this may widen the gap of cultural capital between urban and rural students.Overall,rural students are in a much weaker position.The "Double Reduction" policy is formulated to allow decision-makers flexibility in serving evolving needs and adjusting to new provisions.The value of this policy is to facilitate a good educational ecology for Chinese basic education.Schools can have further opportunities for deepening educational activities to some extent.Thus,we should take the chance of rebuilding the educational ecology to meet that the personalized needs of students and respond to the main position of education by balancing inter-school resources and after-school services in urban and rural areas,which can narrow the gap between urban and rural education.This paper utilizes Rawls’ Theory of Fairness and Justice along with the Theory of Equalization of Public Services contributing to integrated development of urban and rural education,promoting the equalization of urban and rural education resources,Finally,equal opportunities for all students during compulsory education.Efforts should be made to break the urban-rural dual system and strengthen unifying urban and rural education.Several policy recommendations are therefore put forward: 1.Government plays a leading role in macro-control and facilitating effective allocation of resources with the ability of financial,material and human resources providing;2.Narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and family capital gap as well;3.Equalize urban and rural public services,consider compensation for vulnerable groups;4.Under the new educational pattern,continue to reform education,promote equality and refine evaluation systems;Ultimately,the goal of high quality and balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education can be achieved,so that each child can access fair and quality education.