An Experimental Study On The Influence Of Uphill And Downhill Running Training On The Step Frequency And Step Length Of 400m Athletes And Their Performance

Research purpose: In recent years,compared to Chinese men’s 100 m,4m ×Compared to sprint events such as the 100 meter relay,the improvement in 400 m performance in the same sprint event is relatively small.Step frequency and stride length are one of the key factors determining the speed and performance of 400 m athletes.Among various training methods to improve sprint speed and performance,uphill and downhill running are commonly used.However,using downhill running training alone can cause athletes to excessively extend their calves,reduce their forward swing,and decrease their stride length;Using uphill running alone will increase landing time,reduce the amplitude of leg extension and whip effect,and reduce stride frequency.Although such training can improve athletes’ performance,it is not conducive to their long-term development.In this theory,an effective combination of uphill and downhill running can avoid the shortcomings and negative effects of only downhill running or only uphill running.The combination of the two can better improve the stride frequency,stride length,and 400 m performance of athletes.So the research purpose of this article is to verify the impact of the training method of uphill running and downhill running on the stride frequency,stride length,and athletic performance of 400 meter athletes.Research methods: This study took 40 male students of 400 m special subject recruited in Shandong Institute of Physical Education as the experimental subjects,and used the methods of literature review,expert interview,Delphi method method,experiment and mathematical statistics to divide the experimental subjects into a control group and three experimental groups,with 10 people in each group.Using downhill running,uphill running,and uphill+downhill running as independent variables,and taking 400 m performance,400 m average stride frequency,and 400 m average stride length as dependent variables,this study verifies the impact of uphill and downhill running training on the athletic performance,stride frequency,and stride length of 400 m athletes.Research results: 1.Comparing the intra group scores of the control group and the experimental group before and after the experiment,it was found that the P values of all test indicators in the control group were greater than 0.05.Although the scores improved,there was no significant improvement;The average stride frequency of the first group of 400 meters increased significantly compared to before the experiment,with a P-value of<0.01,indicating a very significant difference from before the experiment;The improvement in 400 m performance and average stride length in Experiment 2 group was significant,with P values<0.01,indicating a significant difference from before the experiment;The results of the three test indicators in the three experimental groups were significantly different from before the experiment,with P values<0.01.2.After 10 weeks of experiment,the control group and three experimental groups were compared in terms of inter group performance.It was found that in terms of 400 meter performance,the P value between the control group and the experimental group was greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference between the two groups;The P value between the two groups was less than 0.05,indicating a significant difference;The P-value of the three experimental groups was0.00(<0.01),indicating a significant difference between the two groups.In terms of average stride frequency at 400 meters,the P value between the control group and the experimental group was less than 0.05,indicating a significant difference between the two groups;There was no significant difference between the two groups with a P value greater than 0.05 compared to the experimental group 2;The P value of the three experimental groups was less than 0.01,indicating a significant difference between the two groups.In terms of the average step length of 400 meters,the P value between the control group and the experimental group was greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference between the two groups;The P value between the two groups was less than 0.05,indicating a significant difference;The P value of the three experimental groups was less than 0.01,indicating a significant difference between the two groups.3.After 10 weeks of experiment,the test results of Experiment 1,Experiment 2,and Experiment 3 were compared between groups.It was found that in terms of the400 meter performance,the P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 was greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment 3 was less than 0.01,indicating a very significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 was less than 0.05,indicating a significant difference between the two groups.In terms of the average stride frequency at 400 meters,the P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 was less than 0.01,indicating a very significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment 3 was greater than 0.05,indicating no significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 was less than 0.01,indicating a very significant difference between the two groups.In terms of the average step length of 400 meters,the P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment2 was<0.05,indicating a significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 1 and Experiment 3 was<0.01,indicating a very significant difference between the two groups.The P value between Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 was<0.05,indicating a significant difference between the two groups.Research conclusion: 1.The three training methods of downhill running,uphill running,and uphill running+downhill running can all improve the stride frequency,stride length,and athletic performance of 400 meter athletes.But after training on downhill and uphill runs,the test index scores were lower than those of uphill and downhill runs.Due to the significant influence of congenital factors,a significant increase in stride frequency in the day after tomorrow requires a longer process;Excessive stride length can affect the coherence of movements and the loss of speed,leading to a lack of acceleration in athletes,which has a certain impact on stride frequency and leads to a decrease in overall speed.So although the results have all improved,it is not conducive to the long-term development of athletes.2.The use of uphill running and downhill running training methods in training can effectively improve the stride frequency and stride length of athletes,increase leg strength,and improve the stride frequency,stride length,and athletic performance of400 meter athletes,which is more effective than the simple downhill running training methods in Experiment 1 or Experiment 2.The training plan of uphill and downhill running is relatively scientific and effective,and this method can better improve the sports performance of 400 meter athletes..