A Study On The Need For Elderly Care Services And Its Influencing Factors Of Parents Who Lost Their Only Child

As a special vulnerable group after the implementation of the family planning policy,the parents who have lost their only child not only bear great mental pain,but also their pension dilemma is gradually highlighted under the background of population aging.To solve the problem of elderly care for parents who have lost their only child,we must first find out the needs of their elderly care services,plan the supply and formulate corresponding policies according to the needs.Therefore,based on the questionnaire data of 5905 parents who have lost their only child in a district in eastern China in 2021,this study focuses on describing and analyzing the current situation and group differences of the elderly care service needs of parents who have lost their only child from the needs side.At the same time,through literature review,this paper analyzes the existing problems of the supply of pension services for parents who lost their only child,and then puts forward the optimization strategy,trying to provide a realistic reference for exploring how to better solve the pension problems of parents who lost their only child under the background of actively responding to aging.The main conclusions are as follows:First of all,according to the hierarchy of needs theory,the need for pension services for parents who have lost their only child is divided into five categories,and the results of descriptive analysis showes that the parents who lost their only child have the highest need for economic support(66.81%),followed by medical treatment(45.59%),life care(42.93%),spiritual comfort(37.53%)and social interaction(30.96%).Secondly,the difference in the need for elderly care services for parents who have lost their only child.The first is to analyze the differences in the need for elderly care services between the thirdgeneration parents who lost their only child and no third-generation parents who lost their only child.The study finds that the need for elderly care services for the two types of parents who have lost their only child from high to low is economic support,medical treatment,life care,social interaction and spiritual comfort.However,the need for economic support,life care and medical treatment for the third-generation of parents who have lost their only child is significantly higher than that no thirdgeneration parents who lost their only child.In specific projects,except joy,the needs proportion for economic assistance(increasing aid funds and reducing medical expenses),daily care(medical assistance,emergency assistance,cleaning assistance,and education assistance),medical treatment(accompanying,nursing care,medical care,scheduled physical examinations,and home care),and spiritual comfort(home visits)for the third-generation of parents who have lost their only child is significantly higher than that for no third-generation of parents who have lost their only child.Thirdly,by analyzing the differences in the needs for elderly care services for parents who have lost their only child with different characteristics and conducting binary logistic regression analysis,it is found that: Among the individual characteristics,the elderly have a higher need for life care,the worse the health status,the higher the overall needs for the five elderly care services,and some selfcare groups have higher needs for life care,medical treatment and social interaction.Among the family characteristics,the proportion of remarried people ’s needs for life care,medical treatment and spiritual comfort is lower.The home-based non-solitary group have higher needs for economic assistance and lower needs for life care and social interaction.Among the socio-economic characteristics,the lower the education level and family income,the higher the proportion of need for the five elderly care services,and the lower the occupational status,the higher the need for life care and medical treatment.Finally,the analysis of the current situation of the supply of elderly care services for parents who have lost their only child finds that: Economic assistance needs to be raised;Lack of medical care;Life care services need to be diversified;Psychological and spiritual care is not comprehensive.In this regard,this study is guided by the theory of welfare pluralism,and based on the research conclusions,it proposes the optimization strategy: Further dynamically grasp the actual needs of parents who have lost their only child;Increase diversified economic support;Improve the system support system for medical treatment;Expand the effective supply of life care;Strengthen spiritual consolation.