Effect Of Rapid Lower Extremity Strength Training With Different Weights On The Anaerobic And Aerobic Capacity Of College Students

Objectives:Explore the influence of lower extremity rapid strength training with different weights（30%1RM,60%1RM,85%1RM）on anaerobic capacity indicators（maximum power,minimum power,average power,instantaneous power increase rate in the first five seconds）and aerobic capacity indicators（maximum oxygen uptake,fatigue index,step index,maximum endurance）.Research Methods:Eighteen college students majoring in physical education were randomly divided into 3 groups.The initial theoretical value of the maximum strength training weight of each subject was calculated through the general medical examination of the subjects and then the 1RM test of the subjects respectively,and the weight of rapid strength training of lower limbs was determined according to whether the subjects could successfully complete the training task.Lower limb strength training had been conducted for 8 weeks in this study.The subjects were tested before,during（after the4th week of training）and after the experiment,and the data of various indicators were compared and analyzed.Research Results:After eight weeks of lower limb strength training,the other indexes were improved except the minimum power and fatigue index of 85%1RM group and the fatigue index of 60%1RM group.（1）85%1RM group showed the best explosive power and speed endurance.After eight weeks of training,the increase rate of maximum power,average power and instantaneous power of the first 5 seconds were increased by 7.3%,3.5%and 9%（p<0.01）,respectively,with significant differences.（2）The maximum oxygen uptake and step index of 60%1RM group had the best performance,which were increased by 3.3%（p<0.05）and 8.3%（p<0.01）respectively compared with before the experiment.There was no outstanding data in other indicators,and the speed endurance level was poor.（3）The minimum power,fatigue index and short-term endurance level（the duration of 60rpm maintained by the power bike）of 30%1RM group showed the best performance,which were increased by 8.2%,3%and 51%（p<0.01）compared with before the experiment,respectively,showing significant differences.Research Conclusion:（1）Lower extremity strength training with different weights can improve the anaerobic and aerobic capacity of college students,but this study shows that after 8weeks of training,only 30%of the 1RM group can improve both aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity;The 85%1RM group with the best anaerobic capacity improvement effect had a small decrease in aerobic capacity;In the 60%1RM group with a better aerobic capacity improvement effect,anaerobic capacity was also slightly weakened.（2）In lower extremity strength training with different weights,the training period is different（4 weeks and 8 weeks）,which has different influence on the data of the subjects.The effect of strength training with heavy weights in the last four weeks is better than that in the first four weeks,while the performance effect of strength training with small weights in the first four weeks is better.（3）VO₂Max is an important indicator of aerobic capacity.However,in this study,it was found that in the 30%1RM group whose maximum endurance increased by 51%（p<0.01）compared with that before the experiment,VO₂Max only increased by 3%（p<0.05）.The increase of maximum endurance did not increase VO₂Max.