Effects Of High-intensity Interval Training On Anaerobic And Aerobic Capacity And Special Performance Of Sprinters In The Sunshine Grou

Objective:To explore the effects and differences of 12 high-intensity interval training sessions in four weeks on aerobic capacity,anaerobic capacity,and specialized performance of 100 and 200 meter athletes in the sunshine group;Explore the safe and effective exercise intensity of intensity interval training for 100 and 200 meter athletes in the Sunshine Group.Research methods:This research mainly adopts the experimental method,and takes 13 100 meter and 11 200 meter athletes in the sunshine group of the track and field team of Northeast Electric Power University as the experimental subjects to carry out 12 high-intensity interval training for four weeks.The aerobic and anaerobic indicators such as maximum oxygen uptake,maximum ventilation,respiratory quotient,maximum heart rate,maximum power,average anaerobic power,declining power per second,and blood lactate value in recovery period plus special scores are selected as the test indicators,And SPSS 27.0 software was used to perform independent sample T-tests and paired sample T-tests on the test results data.Research results:(1)The 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training did not significantly change the aerobic capacity of the 100 meter and 200 meter athletes in the sunshine group(P>0.05),but it improved the absolute and relative values of maximum oxygen uptake,maximum oxygen uptake,degreased body mass,and average maximum heart rate of the athletes.(2)The 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training did not significantly change the anaerobic capacity of the 100 meter and 200 meter athletes in the Sunshine group(P>0.05),while the absolute maximum power,relative maximum power,relative average anaerobic power,average power/degreased body mass,and average power per kilogram decreased for the 100 meter athletes.The maximum power absolute value,average anaerobic power absolute value,average anaerobic power relative value,average power/defatted body mass,and average decreasing power per kilogram of weight of 200 meter athletes have been improved.(3)The high intensity interval training conducted 12 times in 4 weeks did not significantly change the special performance of the 100 meter and 200 meter athletes in the Sunshine Group(P>0.05),but there was an improvement in average performance,especially for the 200 meter athletes.In the pre test,4 200 meter athletes achieved the level of national second level athletes in their special performance,while in the post test,9 200 meter athletes achieved the level of national second level athletes in their special performance;During the pre test of 100 meter athletes,8 athletes reached the level of national second level athletes,and during the post test,9 athletes reached the level of national second level athletes.(4)Control the maximum intensity to 90%and conduct high-intensity interval training 12 times in 4 weeks.All athletes in the Yangguan group completed all experiments and tests in good physical and mental health.Research conclusion:(1)The effect of short-term high-intensity interval training on aerobic capacity of sprinter in the sunshine group is higher than that on anaerobic capacity.(2)Short term high-intensity interval training can improve the special sports performance of sprinter in Sunshine Group who have low competitive level and few training years,and the effect of improving the special sports performance of 200 meters is more obvious.(3)The high-intensity interval training of 90%of the maximum heart rate is a safe and effective training intensity for sprinter in the sunshine group.