Research On The Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Primary School Teacher Mobility Within The Count

With the continuous expansion of urbanization,the process of urban-rural integration is gradually evident,and education between urban and rural areas is gradually showing a trend of integrated development,which inevitably leads to the flow of teacher resources.At present,the flow of teacher talent has shown irregular characteristics,and the singularity of talent flow will inevitably lead to the emergence of unfair phenomena in urban and rural education,which will be difficult to ensure the balanced development of education.The mobility of teachers is influenced by various factors and can lead to different job positions.In the education system,teachers,as a part of educational resources,should pay attention to teachers from different dimensions and perspectives,allocate them reasonably,and guide their rational mobility.This study takes Y County as an example.Firstly,based on macro data on the quantity,structure,and quality of primary school teachers in urban and rural areas of Y County in 2022,we have a preliminary understanding of the allocation of teachers in primary education in Y County,and identify the problems.This will determine whether the selected area meets the content of this study,laying the foundation for the next research on teacher mobility in Y County.Secondly,three primary schools in the urban and township areas of Y County were selected,and survey questionnaires were distributed to them.Based on the collected micro data of 539 valid questionnaires,the characteristics of teacher mobility were analyzed.Thirdly,based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and Lewin’s field dynamics theory,this study constructed a model consisting of two parts: psychological field and environmental field,and constructed regression models with the scale of teacher mobility,the scope of teacher mobility,and the willingness of teacher mobility as dependent variables to analyze the influencing factors of teacher mobility between urban and rural areas in Y County.The results indicate that the characteristics of teacher mobility between urban and rural areas include the following aspects.(1)The scale of teacher turnover is small and the frequency of turnover is low;(2)The one-way flow from township to urban area is obvious;(3)Both urban and rural teachers have a strong willingness to move.Among the influencing factors of teacher mobility,on the one hand,the psychological field-the internal driving force that affects teacher mobility,including the following aspects.(1)Values: Passivation of teachers’ sense of achievement in their work;(2)Enterprising spirit: the desire to improve one’s own level;On the other hand,the environmental field-external stimuli that affect teacher mobility,including the following four dimensions.(1)Material field: insufficient attraction of salary and benefits;(2)Cultural field: driven by the social "utilitarian" atmosphere;(3)Emotional field: a lack of personal emotional care;(4)Professional field: limitations of teacher development prospects.Based on this,the following suggestions are proposed in this study.At the government level:(1)Strengthen policy flexibility to avoid losses through reasonable flow;(2)Improve the matching of treatment and enhance the stability of teachers.At the school level:(1)extend communication tentacles and pay attention to psychological needs;(2)Establish a sound reward and punishment system,and improve a fair evaluation system.At the teacher level:(1)maintain the original intention of education and set positive goals;(2)Enhance the sense of professional achievement and feel the significance and value of education.