Development And Validation Of Ice-Breaking Effectiveness Evaluation Scale In Social Group Work

With the vigorous development of social work in recent years,social group work,as one of the three major methods of social work,has been widely used in social work practice.Ice-breaking is often the starting part of group work,which plays a role in relieving embarrassment,improving the relationship between people and promoting team members to participate in the group.This study combined with domestic and foreign scholars’ experience in scale development,combined the scale development models,methods and technologies of scholars,made a comparison,and developed an ice-breaking effectiveness scale that met the needs of target groups.The development process of the scale is divided into four stages and eight steps.Firstly,the concept of ice-breaking effect is defined,and the index question bank of test items is established,and 67 test items are sorted out.In the form of questionnaires and in-depth interviews,we invited the graduate student group to test the scale,and invited practical and academic expert groups to purify and refine the scale,and generated a scale containing 42 measurements and conducted a simple trial investigation.Subsequently,formal questionnaires were issued and 161 valid questionnaires were collected.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out,and the scale was purified again.Finally,the reliability and validity of the scale were tested.Finally,a comprehensive scale including 4 dimensions(emotional attitude,behavioral expression,communication and interaction,situational state)and18 indicators was generated.The scale performed well at each stage,and tested with good reliability and validity.The development of this scale fills in the knowledge gap in ice-breaking effectiveness evaluation in social group work,and lays an empirical foundation for the application research about ice-breaking.At the same time,it provides suggestions for newcomers entering the social work industry,and provides reference and points out the direction for the selection of ice-breaking games in social group work.