The Impact Of Crawling Deficiency And Compensation On The Development Of Children's Motor Abilit

Objectives This study aimed to identify the effect of crawling deficiency on the development of motor skills,including gross motor skills,motor coordination and physical fitness in young children with crawling deficiency and those without.Then,A crawling game was designed and provided for children with crawling deficiency,the purpose was to observe the influence of crawling compensation on their development of motor skills.Methods In study one,crawling deficiency was screened through the Crawling Deficiency Questionnaire.Gross motor skills,motor coordination and physical fitness,were measured with TGMD-2 and MABC-2(coordination section)and the functional tests from National Physical Fitness Test Standards Manual(children section),respectively.Independent-samples T test was used to compare the differences in motor skills between children with crawling deficiency and their normal counterparts.In study two,30 children with crawling deficiency were randomly selected and divided into two groups of an experimental group(n=15)and a control group(n=15).The children of experimental group was intervened with a self-designed crawling game,which lasted for 8 weeks with three times a week,while the control group maintained their normal physical activities with the same level of intensity and volume.Before and after the intervention,inter-and intra-group differences in gross motor skills,motor coordination and physical fitness were respectively analyzed with independent samples T-test and paired t-test for the experimental and control group.P<0.05 was set as being statistically significant.Results (1)Compared with normal children,the children with crawling deficiency showed significant lower performance in locomotor motor skills including gallop,slide,horizontal jump,hop,leap,object control motor skills including overhand throw,stationary dribble,catch,kick,motor coordination of single leg balance,jumping on mats as well as physical fitness including standing long jump and tennis ball throw.(2)After the intervention,the children in the experimental group showed notable improvement in their gross motor skills including running,gallop,slide,hop,leap,stationary dribble,motor coordination of single leg balance,jumping on mats and physical fitness in 10 m shuttle run and continuous jumping.(3)After the experiment,the children in the control group demonstrated obvious improvement in gross motor skills including running,gallop,slide,horizontal jump and leap,the coordination of movement of single-leg balance,and the physical fitness ability in 10 m shuttle run and standing long jump.(4)The children in the experimental group showed better performance in gross motor skills including running,gallop,slide,hop,leap and stationary dribble,and motor coordination ability of single-leg balancing than those in the control group.Conclusion (1)Crawling deficiency has a negative influence on the development of gross motor skills,motor coordination and physical fitness in young children.Gross motor skills with feedback dominated by higher neural center and close-loop control system suffers most from crawling deficiency,which is reflected in both the structural quality of motor skills and their motor performance.(2)Crawling deficiency has an effect on the childrens motor coordination,which negatively affects static coordination in left leg support and dynamic coordination with higher difficulty.(3)Both crawling games and regular physical activities can promote the development of gross motor skills,motor coordination and physical fitness in crawling-deficiency children,but crawling games is more favorable for the development of motor skill by mainly affecting the structural quality of locomotor skills and static coordination.(4)According to the impact of crawling deficiency and compensation on the development of motor skills,crawling game is highly recommended for young children,especially those with crawling deficiency.