Research On Community Sports Policy In My Country From The Perspective Of Policy Tools (1978-2021

During the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,under the leadership and deployment of the Central Party and the State Council,the living standard of our people has been qualitatively improved and the cause of national fitness has flourished.According to the data on mass sports in China during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,by 2020,the per capita use of sports venues in China will be 2.2 square metres,with 1.86 social sports instructors per 1,000 people,and the proportion of people who insist on participating in sports will reach 37.2%."The 14 th Five-Year Plan for Sports Development,which states that the development of sports in China is still at an important strategic opportunity during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period,and that the percentage of people exercising in sports should reach 38.5%,and the area of sports venues per capita and the number of social sports instructors should also increase accordingly.The number of sports venues per capita and the number of social sports instructors should also be increased accordingly,in order to build a higher level of fitness system for all.In today’s accelerating urbanization process,community sport,as an important element of mass sports,is an important part of promoting the high-quality development of the national fitness level in the new era.However,the development of community sport must rely on strong policy and institutional leadership,and only with the right policy leadership can the goal of building a strong sporting nation be better realised.However,the current literature on sport policy has focused more on school sport,competitive sport and sport industry,and research on community sport policy has yet to be improved.Based on this,this study collects the community sport policy documents issued in China since 1978 through the methods of literature,content analysis,comparative analysis,expert interviews and historical analysis,and compares the development history of community sport policies with the number of promulgations,the context of sport development and the emergence of landmark documents of community sport policies.On this basis,the 92 community sports policy texts issued in China since 1978 are analysed from the perspective of policy tools,and whether there are any shortcomings or overspill in the selection of policy tools,and relevant suggestions are made to provide reference for the subsequent formulation of community sports policies in China.The findings of the study are as follows.Frist,the development of community sports policies in China has gone through four stages,namely the period of policy infancy(1978-1996),the period of initial policy development(1997-2002),the period of stable development(2003-2008),and the period of rapid development(2009-2021),with an overall upward trend in the number of policies promulgated.Second,from the 92 community sports policies collated,there are relatively few documents dedicated to community sports policies,most of which belong to mass sports policies involving community sports,and there is a lack of guidance on the specific content aspects of community sports.Third,an analysis of China’s community sport policies since 1978 reveals the existence of an overflowing use of environment-based policy tools.Supply-based policy tools account for a moderate proportion,but their internal proportion structure needs further adjustment,with demand-based policy tools being seriously underused.Fourth,community sport policies in China are all covered at the content level,with a wide range of policy elements.However,they are mainly focused on how to promote community sports activities,the construction of community sports facilities and sports talents,while there is less content on specific awards and recognition and the physical fitness of community residents.Accordingly,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward: 1)strengthen the concept of community sports policy and strengthen the rule of law;2)promulgate community sports policy and strengthen professional policy guidance;3)clarify the objectives of community sports policy and scientifically select policy tools;4)enrich the content of policy texts and improve the community sports policy system.