Research On The Configuration Path Of Farmers' Participation In Rural Touris

Rural tourism plays a necessary role for rural areas in accurately getting rid of poverty,narrowing the development gap between urban and rural areas and helping rural revitalization.In the process of rural tourism development,due to the gap between their own cultural quality and economic level,there is a large gap between the rich and the poor among farmers.At the same time,there are also some problems,such as the unbalanced development between and even within rural tourism regions.Therefore,exploring the antecedent conditions affecting participation of farmers in rural tourism and revealing the obstacle factors and constraint paths affecting participation of farmers in rural tourism are of great significance to the sustainable development of rural tourism and the realization of Rural Revitalization.Participation of farmers in rural tourism is a typical complex causal problem.The path leading to the participation results is a configuration composed of the interaction of various antecedents,reflecting typical diversity(that is,participation of farmers in rural tourism has more than one path),equivalence(that is,multiple group paths have reached the same result)and asymmetry(the path of“participation” of farmers in rural tourism is not a negative value of“～participation”).Therefore,from the perspective of configuration,taking three national key Rural Tourism Villages in Shandong Province as typical cases,this study conducts a comprehensive household survey,and uses the method of qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the data obtained,identify the configuration path of participation of farmers in rural tourism diversification,reveal the dynamic role of antecedent conditions,and verify the asymmetry of“participation” of farmers and “～participation” configuration path.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)There are various ways for farmers to participate in rural tourism.This study solved the core conditions and configuration paths(intermediate solutions)of“participation” and “～participation” of farmers in rural tourism in Dongmaiyao community,Lijiatai village and Huangluquan village respectively.The numbers are different,and the three cases have not found the same path that can explain the results of “participation” and “～participation”.(2)The path of “participation” cannot deduce the path of “～participation”.“Willingness to participate” was a high performance in the configuration path of participation of farmers in rural tourism in the three cases,but in the configuration path with the result of “～participation”,the “willingness to participate” was not the core condition that had an important impact on the results of “～participation”.In addition,no matter from the perspective of core conditions,the number of configuration paths,or from the analysis of the composition of specific configuration paths,the configuration paths with the results of “participation” and “～participation”in the three cases were not the opposite,which also reflected the asymmetric characteristics of QCA research.(3)The understanding of antecedent conditions should avoid solidification.In this study,it is found that antecedent conditions changes with the configuration and community,showing typical dynamics.The same condition has different effects on the results in different configurations of different cases.When analyzing the antecedent conditions,we should eliminate the fixed thinking and apply it to the actual situation of corresponding cases for comparative analysis.(4)The use of QCA method should be flexible.When using fs QCA method to analyze the original data of three cases,this study can solve the core conditions and configuration paths of participation of farmers and ～participation in rural tourism in Dongmaiyao community,but for Lijiatai village and Huangluquan village,it can only solve the configuration path with the result of “participation”,while cs QCA can solve the core conditions and configuration paths with the result of ～participation in two cases.It can be seen that although scholars generally use fs QCA for analysis and research in recent years,and the application frequency of cs QCA is gradually decreasing,this should not become the general paradigm of QCA related research.Fs QCA or cs QCA should be flexibly selected according to the specific content of the case.