A Comparative Study On The Trade Efficiency Between China,South Korea And The Countries Along The "Belt And Road" From The Perspective Of Trade Facilitation

At present,China and South Korea have a certain basis and experience in third-party market cooperation.As a new cooperation mode to improve the efficiency of resource allocation worldwide,third-party market cooperation is not only conducive to China’s economic transformation and upgrading,but also conducive to South Korea’s "indirect" deepening of China South Korea Economic Cooperation in the deterioration stage of U.S.-Chinese relations.There is great potential for China South Korea third-party market cooperation in the future.However,the research contents in past are mostly focused on policy docking and regional cooperation.The research methods are mostly focused on qualitative research and quantitative research based on trade index calculation,and lack of more solid data support.Therefore,from the perspective of trade facilitation,this paper calculates and compares the trade efficiency of China,South Korea and the 43 countries along the “Belt and Road” from both the gross and product levels respectively with the help of a more suitable stochastic frontier analysis method.It will provide some reference for the future improvement of trade efficiency between China and the countries along the routes and the cooperation between China and South Korea on the third-party markets in these countries.Firstly,this paper analyzes the current situation of trade of China,South Korea and the countries along the route.From the perspective of trade scale,the trade scale between China and the countries along the route is similar to that between South Korea and these countries.Although the trade proportion between South Korea and these countries is higher than that of China,it has a downward trend in recent years,and China may crowd out South Korea to a certain extent.From the perspective of product structure,the trade of the countries along the routes mainly consists of high tech manufactured goods and medium tech manufactured goods.In addition,China and South Korea pay more and more attention to high-tech manufactured products and medium-tech manufactured products.In the future,cooperation and competition between the two countries will coexist.Secondly,it calculates and analyzes the Trade Facilitation Index.After dividing 26 secondary indicators into 6 primary indicators,this paper uses entropy method to calculate the Trade Facilitation Index.The results show that the ranking of indicators is legal environment,infrastructure,innovative application,financial environment,market environment and labor supply.The level of trade facilitation in Southeast Asia is the highest,followed by West Asia and North Africa,Northeast Asia,South Asia,central and Eastern Europe and central Asia.Furthermore,the trade efficiency of China,Korea and the countries along the route is empirically analyzed.The overall results at the aggregate level are significant,the trade efficiency is generally consistent with the Trade Facilitation Index,and the average trade efficiency between China and countries along the route is slightly higher than that of South Korea.At the product level,there are relatively large differences between China and South Korea,mainly because they have different positions in the global value chain.At the level of resource-based manufactured products and low-tech manufactured products,China’s trade efficiency is higher than South Korea,while at the level of primary products,medium-tech manufactured products and high-tech manufactured products,South Korea’s trade efficiency is higher.Finally,relevant enlightenment is obtained.The first is to promote One belt,one road initiative and improve the quality of development.The second is to realize the breakthrough of core technology as soon as possible and improve China’s position in the global value chain.The third is promote one belt,one road infrastructure construction,and improve the financial support system such as Asia Investment Bank and Silk Road Fund.The forth is to deepen the consensus one belt,one road initiative and carry out the third party market cooperation between China and South Korea.