Study On Legal Issues Of Old-age Security For Empty Nesters In Rural Areas

China’s net population growth in 2021 was only 480,000,a record low.The economic foundation of rural areas is poor,and a large number of rural population outflow,resulting in the empty-nest phenomenon of rural elderly more and more serious.Compared with cities,rural areas are not fully developed in economy,infrastructure,culture and other aspects,and the old-age security situation for empty nesters in rural areas is more serious.If the old-age security problem of empty nesters in rural areas cannot be solved in time,it will have many adverse effects,which are not conducive to the development of rural areas and social harmony and stability in China.This paper adopts the method of field research,taking 150 rural empty nesters in Xinhu Town,Dongping County as the main object of investigation,and studies the old-age security of rural empty nesters.The paper is divided into four parts.In the first part,through field research,the present situation of pension security for empty-nesters in rural Xinhu Town is investigated.Grasp the current situation of the rural empty nesters in Xinhu Town in four aspects of economic status,mental status,knowledge of relevant laws,medical security,and analysis of the current situation,found that China’s rural empty nesters pension security problems.In the second part,through analysis,it is found that there are the following five problems in the old-age security of rural empty nesters.Are the lack of rural empty-nest elderly security special legal system,the old-age security legal system is too abstract,not enough refining,spiritual support obligation is not operable,the judicial relief mechanism is not perfect,the judicial organs neglects the role of mediation,the government functions in rural empty-nest elderly security problems performance does not reach the designated position.The third part,through the developed countries outside the region,the mature system in rural empty nesters pension security is analyzed.For example,the annuity system of Japan,the medical security system of Germany and the old-age community system of the United States are combined with China’s national conditions,and three suggestions are put forward based on the experience of other countries and China’s national conditions.They are to refine the old-age security laws and regulations for empty nesters in rural areas,improve the old-age insurance and medical systems,and establish and improve diverse old-age communities.The fourth part,in view of the problems found in the survey,puts forward the following five countermeasures.It is to establish a special legal system for rural empty-nesters pension security,refine the legal system for old-age security,clarify the supporting obligations of all parties,clarify the spiritual support system for rural empty-nesters,innovate the judicial relief mechanism,attach importance to judicial mediation,and the government should implement the main responsibility of old-age security for rural empty-nesters.Through the above measures,it is expected to help improve the legal system of old-age security for empty nesters in rural China.