| With the continuous advancement of high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road",Chinese enterprises have gone abroad and formed technical standards alliances with enterprises along the "Belt and Road".The alliances play an important role in promoting China’s technology standards to lead the "going out" of all elements such as products,technologies and services.Hence,studying its operation mode and path is helpful to understand and master the operation of the alliance,and has a certain practical reference value for Chinese enterprises to choose an appropriate operation mode and achieve efficient "going out".The paper uses the grounded theory,system dynamics simulation and case study to research and analyze the alliances’ operation mode and path.First,based on 1,256 valid sample projects oriented to the "Belt and Road" enterprise technical standards alliances,using text mining and programmatic grounded theory methods to analyze,refine the operation mode of the "Belt and Road" enterprise technical standards alliance,and further explore the path.discuss.Secondly,use the method of system dynamics to model and simulate the paths of the three operation modes of the alliances,simulate the operation process of different operation modes.And analyze the influence of internal and external factors in the operation process of the alliance through simulation under different conditions.The influence of different operation modes of the alliance is summarized,and the operation characteristics of different operation modes are summarized.Finally,through the comparative analysis of typical cases of alliance operation mode and path,the research conclusions are further tested empirically.The research results show that: first,the operating modes of the "Belt and Road" enterprise technical standards alliances include standard diffusion and application adoption,technical cooperation and standard co-research,and standard optimization and iterative upgrading.When the realization path of each operation mode is discussed in depth,it can be seen that the standard diffusion and application adoption type is guided by the product demand of the market along the route,and the production and sales of standardized products are promoted through the formation of alliances.the technical cooperation and standard co-research type is based on the market demand along the route.Guided by the demand for new products,new technical standards are developed through the formation of alliances.standard optimization and iterative upgrades are guided by the product upgrade needs of the markets along the route,and the upgrading and optimization of technical standards are realized through the formation of alliances.Second,the different operating modes and implementation paths of the “Belt and Road” enterprise technical standards alliance have different characteristics.The same points are:(1)market demand is the main driving force for the formation of the three operation modes of the alliance.(2)The government plays a role in promoting the operation and development of the alliance in the three operation modes.The differences points are :(1)different operation modes of the alliance are driven by different market demands.The model of standard diffusion and application adoption is mainly driven by the demand for technical standards in the markets along the routes.The model of standard optimization and iterative upgrading is mainly driven by the demand for technical standard optimization and upgrading in the markets along the routes.The model of technical cooperation and standard co-development is mainly driven by the demand for new technical standards in the markets along the belt and Road.(2)Different operation modes and implementation paths of alliance present different operation characteristics.In the standard type adopted in the spread and application,present Chinese enterprise standardization ability-high low "neighbourhood" all the way along the market running characteristics of the enterprise standardization ability,ability of the enterprise standardization driven by China "neighbourhood" all the way along the market ability of the enterprise standardization,and the Chinese enterprise standardization ability stronger,standard diffusion effect,the better.In technical cooperation with standard research type,the present high Chinese enterprise standardization ability-"in all the way along the" market running characteristics of the enterprise standardization ability,the Chinese enterprises with "neighbourhood" all the way along the market driven by combining the ability of the standardization of both sides,and both sides of the standardization ability stronger,the standard of research the better the results.In the standard optimization and iteration upgraded,present low Chinese enterprise standardization ability-high "neighbourhood" all the way along the market running characteristics of the enterprise standardization ability,namely through the "area" all the way along the market promotion enterprise’s ability to drive China’s ability of the enterprise standardization,and "neighbourhood" all the way along the market the enterprise standardization ability stronger,standard optimization effect is better.Third,the enterprise technology standard alliance facing the "Belt and Road" should dynamically choose the operation path according to the change of its own standardization ability.This paper constructs a four-quadrant graph of dynamic matching for the operation path of the enterprise technical standard alliance of "One Belt and One Road".The fourth,the different operating modes of the “Belt and Road” enterprise technology standards alliance are mainly applicable to different stages of the alliance.When the alliance enterprises focus on the market development stage,it is suitable to form a standard diffusion and application adoption alliance.By promoting the entry of enterprises’ advantageous fields,they can quickly open up overseas markets and realize the diffusion of technical standards.When the alliance enterprises focus on the localization stage,it is suitable to form a standard optimization and iterative upgrade alliance,and form a technical standard with better local adaptability by integrating their own technology locally.When the alliance enterprises focus on the industry leading stage,it is suitable to form a technical cooperation and standard joint research alliance,and by actively attracting more participants from the markets along the route to join the joint research of new technology standards,achieve industry leadership. |
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