On The Fairness Of The Basic Old-age Insurance System For Urban Workers In My Country

My country’s current basic old-age insurance system for urban employees(hereinafter referred to as the "employee old-age insurance system")implements the calculation and payment method of overpayment of old-age insurance benefits,that is,the higher the wage level of employees’ contributions,the higher the level of old-age insurance benefits.In the long run,the disparity in pension insurance benefits for employees will continue to increase,making it difficult for some retired employees to guarantee their basic life,which violates the value orientation of mutual assistance and mutual assistance in the pension insurance system for employees,and deviates from the principle of fairness.At the same time,according to the current calculation and payment method of employee endowment insurance benefits,under normal circumstances,employees who retire after reaching the statutory retirement age have a longer period of time to receive endowment insurance benefits than those who delay retirement,and the endowment insurance benefits they enjoy are correspondingly higher.Therefore,it will have a negative impact on the retirement behavior of employees,that is,it will increase the possibility of employees choosing to retire as soon as possible after reaching the legal retirement age.The above-mentioned problems in the employee endowment insurance system make it difficult to achieve the goal of encouraging the old to do something and realizing the old-age support.And with the intensification of population aging and labor shortage,my country is facing the problem of increasing pension pressure and shortage of human resources,which further intensifies social contradictions.In addition,there are few related researches in the academic circles on motivating employees to delay retirement,reforming the mechanism of overpayment of pension insurance benefits,and realizing mutual assistance among different income groups as far as possible in the pension insurance system for employees.Therefore,the research on the fairness of the employee endowment insurance system has far-reaching significance.Reform the mechanism of the pension insurance system that pays more for more benefits,and establishes the legislative orientation of mutual assistance and mutual assistance in the pension insurance system for employees.The mechanism of overpayment and overpayment of endowment insurance benefits means that the level of employees’ endowment insurance benefits is proportional to the level of their paid wages.If the level of employees’contribution wages is low,their endowment insurance benefits will be correspondingly lower,which may result in endowment insurance benefits unable to guarantee their basic living.The labor contribution of employees during their inservice period has been repaid through wages,and the calculation and payment of pension insurance benefits after retirement should no longer be based on the level of wages paid by employees,but should fully reflect the value orientation of mutual assistance,and do their best to meet the needs of all participating in the insurance.The basic needs of employees after retirement are the embodiment of the fairness of the system.In this regard,it is necessary to reduce the impact of the level of employee contribution wages on the calculation and payment of endowment insurance benefits,and link the endowment insurance benefit level with the labor attitude and working years of employees.Establish the value orientation of doing something for the old,supporting the old,and motivating to delay retirement.After reaching the statutory retirement age and conditions permitting,employees are encouraged to be active in old age.On the one hand,it can not only encourage outstanding employees with professional skills and rich experience to continue to work,give full play to their "residual heat",and make more contributions to the country and society;on the other hand,it can also encourage ordinary employees to actively participate in labor and improve their old the level of care.In this regard,an incentive mechanism for deferred retirement pension insurance benefits should be established.Unless due to special reasons such as illness,disability,etc.,compared with the employees who retire after reaching the legal age,the level of pension insurance benefits enjoyed by employees who delay retirement will be greatly improved,The increase will be greater.Improve the fairness of employee pension insurance relatives treatment rules.The relevant provisions on the treatment of relatives of deceased employees in the current pension insurance system for employees do not fully take into account the labor costs of employees during their employment and the living needs of relatives of deceased employees,nor do they reflect humanistic care,which may cause some deceased employees’ relatives to be unable to obtain basic living standards.Assure.In this regard,the rules for the treatment of relatives in employee endowment insurance should be reformed.Employee endowment insurance relatives inheritance rules and survivors’pensions calculation and payment standards should be linked to the employee’s labor attitude and working years,and should also consider the economic level of the deceased employee’s supporting relatives,not based on "how much you pay,how much you get",in order to achieve mutual assistance economic value orientation.The pension insurance system for disabled employees should reflect reasonable differences.Treating disabled workers and normal workers the same,failing to take into account the particularity of disabled workers,is not conducive to the realization of the purpose of ensuring the basic life of disabled workers after retirement,and does not conform to the value orientation and fairness principle of mutual assistance in the pension insurance system for workers.In this regard,it is necessary to establish reasonable differences in the pension insurance system for disabled employees from the legal level,and make special provisions on the payment rules and treatment methods for their pension insurance,so as to reasonably reduce their payment burden,improve their pension insurance benefits,and ensure their retirement.At the same time,when the government provides financial subsidies,it should also provide preferential protection to the reasonable endowment insurance needs of disabled employees.Expand the coverage of the employee pension insurance system.The higher the coverage rate of the old-age insurance system,the more its fairness will be improved.On the contrary,the lower the coverage rate of the old-age insurance system,the less fair it will be.The current employee pension insurance system still has the problem of insufficient coverage.Compared with the occupational pension system,the coverage of the enterprise pension system is still relatively narrow.In this regard,in order to improve the fairness of the employee endowment insurance system,the coverage of the employee endowment insurance system should be broadened,the improvement of the enterprise annuity system should be accelerated,and its coverage rate should be increased so that more employees can enjoy endowment insurance benefits.