| As a new strategic organizational form leading the transformation of digital technology,the digital economy has the characteristics of strong penetration,high growth,and low cost.The digital economy not only accelerates the deep integration of digital technology,information network and the real economy,but also promotes the birth of new production methods,new industrial forms and new business models,which will inevitably have a far-reaching impact on the labor market.On the one hand,the digital economy provides multiple employment opportunities and facilitate effective matching of personnel and positions;on the other hand,the digital economy changes the knowledge and skill structure of workers and improves work efficiency,which in turn affects wages and working hours.Migrant workers are the important force in economic construction and urban construction.Obviously,the wages and working hours of migrant workers also are affected by the digital economy.Therefore,paying attention to the impact of the digital economy on the wages and working hours of migrant workers not only helps to deeply understand the mechanism of the digital economy on wages and working hours,but also provides empirical evidence for the government to formulate digital economy policies that are compatible with the labor market employment.This paper reviews the labor supply theory and human capital theory,sorts out the classic literature on the digital economy,migrant workers’ wages and working hours,and empirically analyzes the impact of the digital economy on migrant workers’ wages and working hours on the basis of theoretical analysis.The specific research contents are as follows:First,according to the 2017 migrant population dynamic survey data,this paper applies a multilevel model to analyze the impact of the digital economy on the wages of migrant workers,and verifies the robustness of the results based on four different methods: replacing variables,using instrumental variable method,correcting sample bias and replacing models.The results show that the digital economy significantly promotes the growth of migrant workers’ wages,and the interaction between the digital economy and years of education is significant.Comparing migrant workers of different genders,the impact of the digital economy on the wages of female migrant workers is greater than that of male migrant workers,that is,the digital economy is conducive to narrowing the wage gap between men and women.Comparing migrant workers of different skill level,it can be seen that the digital economy has a more obvious effect on the wages of high-skilled migrant workers.The mechanism test results show that the digital economy increases the wages of migrant workers by promoting economic growth.Secondly,the multilevel model is applied to analyze the overall influence of the digital economy on the working hours of migrant workers,and then the multilevel intermediary model is applied to test the mechanism of the digital economy on the working hours of migrant workers.The results show that the digital economy has an inhibitory effect on the working hours of migrant workers;contrast with male migrant workers,the digital economy has a more obvious effect on reducing the working hours of female migrant workers;comparing migrant workers with different skill levels,the digital economy is conducive to the reduction of the working hours of high-skilled migrant workers;the mechanism test result shows that the digital economy can reducing working hours of migrant workers by improving the level of regional legal systems.Finally,based on the above findings,this paper gives relevant suggestions: first,further promote the development process of digital economy to facilitate the development of digital economy in the direction of universal benefits to the people;second,the government should take the lead in organizing e-learning to enhance the digital literacy of migrant workers and improve their career transition ability;third,make the most of the positive effect of digital legal regulation to ensure that labor protection is put into practice. |
