Study On The Influence Of Working Hours On Workers' Occupational Wellbeing

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out that people's sense of security,happiness and acquisition should be enhanced.However,in modern society,overtime work and "996" have become common problems,but there is also a lack of working hours.What are the effects of overwork and underwork on workers' occupational well-being? Therefore,it is of great significance to study the influence of working hours on occupational well-being.Based on the perspective of labor supply,this paper mainly studies the influence of working hours on workers' occupational well-being.By analyzing the mechanism and degree of influence of working hours on occupational well-being and how to improve workers' occupational well-being,it provides some suggestions for the government to formulate corresponding labor policies.This paper explores the formation of occupational well-being and how working time affects workers' occupational well-being based on social comparison theory,hierarchy of needs theory,and resource conservation theory.Using utility theory and work-leisure model to analyze the relationship between working hours and occupational well-being: For workers,there is an optimal working hours that makes them have the highest level of occupational well-being.Therefore,whether working hours exceed or fall below this optimal working hours,the level of occupational well-being will decrease.In addition,this paper also analyzes the mechanism of working time affecting workers' occupational well-being from the perspectives of resource depletion process and working time pay-return imbalance.Based on social comparison theory,hierarchy of needs theory and resource preservation theory,this paper explores the formation of occupational well-being and how working hours affect workers' occupational well-being.Using the utility theory and work-leisure model,this paper analyzes the relationship between working hours and occupational well-being: For workers,there is an optimal working hour,which makes them have the highest level of occupational well-being.Therefore,the level of occupational well-being decreases whether the working hours exceed or fall below the optimal working hour.In addition,this paper also analyzes the mechanism of the influence of working hours on workers' occupational well-being from two perspectives: the process of resource depletion and the imbalance of pay return of working hours.In the empirical research part,this paper uses CLDS2016 data,takes working laborers as the research object,uses descriptive statistical analysis,ordered Logit model and other methods to study the influence of working hours on laborers' occupational well-being,and draws the following conclusions: First,working hours have an inverted U-shaped effect on workers' occupational well-being.Too long or too short working hours will damage the employees' occupational well-being,only moderate work can achieve a higher level of occupational well-being.Second,in the labor force as a whole and in the employee groups,working overtime reduces the level of occupational well-being;in the self-employed group,working overtime has no obvious effect on the level of occupational well-being.Third,in terms of optimal working hours: the optimal working hours of the sample population is 6 hours.There is heterogeneity between the employees and self-employed groups,the optimal working hours for employees is 5.3 hours,and the optimal working hours for self-employed workers is 7.2 hours.Fourth,after using propensity score matching to control the selection bias,the results show that working overtime significantly reduces the occupational well-being of the employees,but has no significant effect on the self-employed workers.Fifth,work income,work pressure and health level play a part of the intermediary role in the influence of working hours on the occupational well-being of laborers.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical research results,combined with the current reality of the labor market in our country,in order to alleviate the problem of excessive working hours of a large number of workers,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations to the government and related departments:Strictly implement the relevant labor standard to protect the workers;Guarantee the income of workers,improve the welfare system,and maintain social equity;Help build harmonious labor relations;Raise people's health awareness and raise the level of medical security.