Higher Education Development,human Capital Agglomeration And Urban Economic Efficiency

At a time when the economy is in a phase of high-quality development,the demand for talents is shifting more towards high-quality talents that meet the needs of national economic and social development,and the training mode and direction of higher education are being constantly updated.Higher education plays an important role in the formation and level of human capital,provision of more qualified personnel for urban development.The mobility of human capital,dominated by university graduates,not only realises the transfer of higher education knowledge from universities to society,but also enhances the spatial mobility and allocation of human capital,as reflected in the increase in the level of human capital agglomeration.Using panel data between 2008 and 2019,this paper empirically examines the relationship between higher education development,human capital agglomeration and economic efficiency of cities.Firstly,systematically sort out and summarize the impact mechanism of higher education development and human capital agglomeration on urban economic efficiency,and put forward corresponding research hypotheses;Secondly,from the scale of higher education development and the quality of higher education development,6 secondary indicators and 11 tertiary indicators are selected to construct an evaluation index system,comprehensively evaluate the development level of higher education in 35 large and medium cities,and calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of higher education development in each city over the years,at the same time,the DEA-Malmquist index method is used to calculate and analyze the economic efficiency of each city over the years;Finally,the direct impact of higher education development and human capital agglomeration on urban economic efficiency is tested empirically through different models and research levels,as well as the adjustment effect and threshold effect of human capital agglomeration in the process of higher education development,and the method of replacing key indicators was tested for robustness.The research showed that:(1)Regarding the level of development of higher education,the level of development of higher education in cities has shown a stable upward trend during the survey period,but showed significant regional differences,and the development level of higher education was relatively low.Most of the cities are western cities,and the development of higher education in central and western cities needs to be further improved;(2)From the perspective of economic efficiency value,between 2008 and 2019,the total factor productivity of 35 large and medium-sized cities increased by an average of 15.82%,with an average annual growth rate of 1.34%.Driven by progress,the decline of economic efficiency in some cities is mainly caused by the constraints of technical efficiency;(3)From the empirical results,the development of higher education and the improvement of the level of human capital agglomeration during the sample period can directly promote the economic efficiency,and the development of higher education can foster the agglomeration of human capital.And the improvement of human capital agglomeration level brings about the improvement of urban economic efficiency.The regression results of the interaction term show that the elasticity of higher education development to the improvement of urban economic efficiency is positively regulated by the level of human capital agglomeration.The development of higher education shows the characteristics of“threshold”effect based on human capital agglomeration.The regression coefficient of the human capital agglomeration threshold shows an increasing trend before crossing the third threshold value.When the level of human capital agglomeration exceeds the third threshold value,higher education The role of development in promoting urban economic efficiency has declined,that is,the level of human capital agglomeration has an obvious restrictive impact on the development of higher education.