Research On The Relationship Between Higher Education Structure, Employment Structure And Industrial Structure

With China’s economy stepping into the era of New Normal, the rate of economy growth has been retarded, and China has already made its transformation from an economy whose growth is mainly driven by investment to one that is powered by innovation. Accordingly, China’s economy growth will be substantially stimulated by supply over demand in a near future. The key point of supply-driven economy is the acceleration of efficiency, which is generally relying on human capital rather than material resources. Basically, Tertiary Education, as one of the main ways of human capital investment, not only initiates the formation of human capital, but also determines the degree and level of labors’ professionalism, which has decisively made significance for the efficiency of economy growth and incrementally exercised long-term power to the economy growth as well.From the perspective of endogenizationof economic growth, based on the validationon logic relationships among the Tri-Structure and the derivation of MRW mode, this paper utilized panel data regression and threshold regression methods to verify the authentic interactivity of Tri-Structure in terms of Tertiary Education Structure, Employment Structure and Industry Structure. Following conclusions have been made through systematic research:Firstly, the independent evolution law has respectively been generated in the Tertiary Education, Employment Structure and Industry Structure. The evolution law for Tertiary Education differentiates from one and another in terms of the origin of universities, which is influenced by various factors as a whole. However, Tertiary Education’s economic and social function has been gradually emphasized with countries paying more serious attention to the economic growth.Secondly, at China’s present stage, there shows a close correlation between the Evolution of Tertiary Education Structure and the Regulatory Evolution of Tertiary Education. Influence by above factors, China’s Tertiary Education has already approached to the education generalization stage, referring to a higher interior structure, a clearer trend of management localization and more emphasis on tertiary professional education. Comparatively, the rate of China’s industry structure remains at a fast pace, as a result, the three industries transparently illustrate a benign 3-2-1 development structure mode. Nevertheless, the employment structure of three industries massively lags behind the industry structure, and its structural contradiction is obvious, which specifically infers to the employment structural issue for Tertiary Education graduates.Thirdly, from the theory analysis perspective, all of the Tertiary Education Structure, Employment Structure and Industry Structure can be nominated as supply-side fundamental elements. The essence of Employment Structure and Industry Structure indicates industrial structure, which is specified as the structure of the investment and industrial of industry. Further, Tertiary Education, as the main way of human capital investment, gets into industry by bring labors into employment. Hence, industry structure is supposed to be the termination of Tri-Structure, whilst Employment Structure and Tertiary Education Structure exert influence on industry structure in terms of investment and are constrained by the change of industry conversely. Generally, the Tri-Structure manifests different transient relationships in the corresponding stages. Specifically, in the inferior period of economy growth, with a relatively undeveloped industrialization, economy growth basically was stimulated by the increasing quantity of investment, and industry structure could lead the adjustment of employment structure based on demand that naturally exerted influence on Tertiary Education Structure. When economy develop d to an advanced stage, in the Post-Industrial era, human capital became the main stimulus to economy growth in the context of neoclassic theory of economy growth, which refer to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Efficiency of Capital, and the increasing demand for industrial optimization. Given above circumstances, the Tertiary Education Structure required tobeingactivated and adjusted, and employment industry should be promoted as well as the industry structure optimized.Fourthly, by empirical research on the correlation among China’s Tertiary Education Structure, Employment Structure and Industry Structure, it is testified that Tertiary Education can promote the decrease of first industry structure and employment structure, while exert a negative influence on the adjustment of tertiary industry structure. In order to meet the requirement of contemporary development and scale of the tertiary industry, the penetration rate of Tertiary Education should be upgraded at least 12%, which demonstrates that China’s tertiary education ought to be transferred from massive education period to the general education stage. Besides, by computing the Moore data initiated by Tri-Structure, it is said that tertiary education structure was stiff during 2011 to 2013 according to the analysis results. Moreover, through Grey Relational Analysis on Moore data from Tri-Structure, the correlation among China’s tertiary education structure, industry structure and employment structure still remains in an inferior level. Staggering in the discouraging economy environment, the tertiary education structure islikely to experience a delay phase when being through adjustment. China’s tertiary education bears low vitality which couldn’t accelerate the economy transformation and innovation formation.Fifthly, when tracing back to the tertiary education adjustment history in developed countries, it is obvious that developed countries continuously launched tertiary education reforms including enhancing the tertiary education’s generalization, improving its level structures and professional structures with economy growth and its realistic requirements. Thus, in the context of China’s reality, to realize China’s economy growth in a long run, the paper argues that China’s tertiary education should definitely emphasize on entrepreneurship education, exert a regulation relating advanced selection and low fairness, promote tertiary education generalization, and coordinate tertiary educational resources location, ideally, the government should also to construct a more flexible structural adjustment system to create a favorable exterior environment that hopefully can facilitate tertiary education to accommodate and stimulate the optimization and upgrade of employment structure and industrial structure.